80 
ley, 8.2 bushels; potatoes, 62 bushels; tobacco, 625 pounds; hay, .9 of a ton 
per acre. Improved culture will of course greatly increase these figures, whieh 
in most items fall below the general average of the State in fair seasons. 
5. As in most other States, there are a great many varieties of wheat sown 
in Georgia, some of them under local names not recognized elsewhere. But 
little spring wheat is sown, and that generally in the more elevated portions of 
the State. Red wheat, or what is locally known as the Walker wheat, and 
the white bearded, are the varieties usually cultivated, the red being generally 
preferred because less subject to rust. In Gorden county the blue straw and 
white rust-proof (Gale) are sown; in other counties white flint, Tulman white, 
Johnston’s white, Orleans, Tappahannock, golden chaff, purple straw, red May, 
&c., are grown to some extent. The seed is sown or drilled from the last of Sep- 
tember on to the middle or last of December, and the crop is generally harvested 
from the 1st of May to the middle of June. Comparatively little of the seed is 
drilled, in many of the counties none at all, but the system is commanding 
attention, and the proportion sown broadeast is decreasing. Wheat is generally 
sown upon stalk land after the corn is gathered, and without previous ploughing. 
Almost the only manure applied to this crop is cotton-seed, and that not gener- 
ally, but always with beneficial results. 
6. A great variety of grasses are found in Georgia, both natural and cultivated, 
and pasture is supplied at but trifling cost, most of our correspondents rating it 
“no expense.” Orab-grass grows in all sections, also crow-foot, sedge, wire- 
grass, wild oats, clover, Lespedeza striata, &c., the last named grass spreading 
with considerable rapidity and considered valuable by the planters. Clover 
grows well on good dry sub-soil; herds-grass and timothy do well on rich bot- 
tom lands of a close texture; lucerne is counted the most valuable of all 
forage crops in Georgia, and grows as well here as in France, making most ex- / 
cellent hay. On manured uplands blue-grass, meadow, oat grass, orchard grass 
and vernal grass grow during the winter, and if these are kept shut up from June 
to December stock may then be turned in and kept fat without other food. In 
middle and lower Georgia heavy manuring is generally necessary for clover, the 
cost of which may be repaid by its application to wheat with which the clover 
is sowed; the clover must be lightly grazed during the heat of summer, but may 
be pastured in April, interrupted in July and August, and resumed in Septem- 
ber to be continued until January. 
7. Fruit culture has received comparatively little attention in Georgia, but 
the capabilities of the State are beyond question, and are being gradually de- 
veloped in different sections. Our Union county correspondent writes: “The 
capability of this county for fruit may be said to be rarely surpassed so far as 
peaches and apples are concerned. One acre sustains about fifty apple ,trees, 
yielding annually twenty to thirty bushels to the tree. Apples are best adapted 
to the soil and climate, and are worth here about fifty cents per bushel. A neigh- 
bor last year sold from a two acre-orchard about 700 bushels of apples, dried about 
100 bushels, gave away to all who wanted, and had plenty for family use during 
the winter.” Peaches are especially successful, the trees being long lived and 
subject to few diseases, and the shipping of early crops to the northern markets 
must eventually become an important and profitable business near the line of 
railroads on the coast. Our Hall correspondent writes: ‘Peaches grow to 
perfection; we have them from June until the last of October. They grow 
in the corners of fences, in old fields, or anywhere the seed may chanee to be 
dropped. We have apples all the year round. Much attention is being given 
to this fruit, as its culture is considered profitable.” Peaches are extensively 
grown in Spalding couuty, and from one point, Griffin, 200,000 pounds of dried 
fruit. of last year’s crop have been shipped. Large quantities. are also dried and 
considerable distilled in Pike county, but the crop is uncertain, being liable to 
injury from frosts. In Taylor county peaches are the surest crop, seldom, if 
