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named at $15 per acre, expenses $5, leaving a net profit of $10 per acre; about 
the same profit in corn, with more certainty. He adds: “The net profit of 
wheat culture would be enhanced by the introduction of improved implements, 
which are rarely seen here.” In Coryelle “the crops, with few exceptious, are 
cultivated in the most negligent manner, and-the county is 100 years behiud the 
times.” In Hays county “cotton and corn are the specialties, the latter proving 
the most profitable the past season, yielding a net profit of $5 per acre in coin ; 
cotton paid $4 per acre.” - 
From Fayette our correspondent writes : 
Corn is cultivated in various ways; some break up their land with the common turning 
plough, and others bed or list up their lands and plant in the water furrow by drilling, or 
in checks three and one-half to four feet each way. Those who break up their land in a 
mass either drill or plant in checks, as described. Some run a furrow between the old rows 
of the previous year, drill the corn, and then bed the land on the same, and bush or harrow 
it over. As soon as the corn is up two or three blades high it is generally run arqund with 
a bull-tongue plough, and split out the middle with a turning plough the first ploughing. 
Corn ean be made to grow from 50 to 60 bushels to the acre, with proper treatment. 
De Witt county averages half a bale of cotton and 25 bushels of corn to the 
acre, without manure, but two bales of cotton of 300 pounds each and 80 bushels 
of corn per acre have been made in afavorable season. Our correspondent says : 
The soil and climate of this county is peculiarly adapted to the culture of sorghum, 
broom corn, tobacco of the finest quality, castor beans, (the palma christi growing 
almost to a tree,) and of all the varieties of the melon and: pumpkin families. In 
Lavaca three-fourths of a bale of cottun and 30 bushels of corn are grown to. the 
acre, On an average; oats, rye, and barley do well, but wheat is .often ruined by rust; 
while of sorghum and sugar cane, two crops are made in one year. In Goliad corn 
has been the only paying crop since 1860; sorghum and the castor bean are attracting con- 
siderable attention, both yielding abundantly. In Refugio corn and sweet potatoes are about 
the only crops grown, and they can scarcely be said to be cultivated, being merely planted 
in the most careless and slovenly mariner, and left to grow as best they can, with perhaps 
one ploughing; corn yielding 25 to 30 bushels per acre, potatoes 50 to 100 bushels. 
_ From Cameron county our correspondent writes : ! 
The only crops cultivated to any extent are corn and beans, for home consumption. We 
have a soil and climate in which, in favorable seasons, 'two crops of corn and beans can be 
raised on the same land in one year, yet we rarely raise corn enough in the valley to last 
from one year’s end to another. The mode of culture is quite primitive ; the plough is a knee 
of timber, one end sharpened to a point and shod with iron, the other whittled down toa 
handle; a beam is mortised into the angle, reaching to the yoke on the cattle, penetrating 
about four inches, and a farmer who runs this plough plants every fourth row, making but 
little over two feet between the rows of corn, the hills being about the same distance in the 
row. It grieves a Mexican to see corn planted four feet apart in squares, as is the custom in 
many places, there is so much good land left idle; consequently they generally plant as 
described, and our rich soil makes corn for them. It generally gets two hoeings, one to 
clean the ground from weeds when the corn is from four to six leaves, and one to hill up 
when about shooting the tassel. Sometimes it gets but one hoeing. A few Mexicans plough 
their corn once and hoe once. Those who plough have the same forked stick, but about mid- 
way on the part that runs on the ground is mortised in on each side a piece of wood about 
six inches in length, curving upwards, which scrapes the ground between the rows and 
throws some dirt towards the plant. A few Americans are farming along the river, and 
yelp they have not degenerated into the Mexican style, make 40 to 50 bushels of corn to 
the acre eau 4 j 
5. In many parts of Texas little or no wheat has heretofore. been sown, but 
a number of our correspondents state that the culture has attracted more attention, 
in view of the failure of cotton as a paying crop the past season, and that the 
wheat acreage of next fall will be largely increased, and that some farmers will 
try spring wheat this season ; the latter not being grown to any extent. Of the 
several varieties of fall or winter wheat sown, the red May appears to be almost 
universally preferred, it standing sudden changes of weather better than other 
kinds known, and its’early ripening qualities enable the crop to escape the rust 
and smut to a greater extent. The Tappahannock wheat, distributed by the 
Department of Agriculture, also finds much favor for the same reasons. Vari- 
ous other wheats are sown, but to limited extent; among them the Mexican, 
hedge row, &c. The usual time for sowing winter wheat ranges from the middle 
