265 
of wheat, corn, oats, &e. “Buchanan'and Jackson, $20; Ray, $8; will produce 
wheat, corn, tobacco, &e. Johnson, $12, character good for farming purposes. 
Cass, $10 to $30 for timber and $4 to $15 for prairie ; all good, tillable land, 
with from 12 to 30 inches virgin soil. Henry, prairie $6 to $10, timber $20 
to $25; soil, alluvial limestone, black and rich. Bates, $6, limestone, with clay 
subsoil; prairie rolling, and on the ridges there is a good supply of lime and 
sandstone for building purposes. Vernon, about 350,000 acres of raw prairie 
in the market, at from $2 to $5 per acre; sandy loam and coarse black limestone 
soils, adapted to all the small grains and grasses. St. Clair, $4, and Cedar, $3 ; 
character diversified, from lands fitted only for pasturage to the richest of river 
bottom, which will produce 50 to 75 bushels of corn per acre. Dade, $2 to $5 
for such as may be cultivated ; considerable portions rendered unfit for cultiva- 
tion by reason of mixture of rocks, sandstone, limestone, &c. Lawrence, $5; 
timber and prairie; three-fourths of the prairie susceptible of cultivation, all 
good grass lands; half the timber can be cultivated. Newton, bottom lands 
and best prairie, $10; inferior, $5 per acre. McDonald, $2 to $6; the county 
is broken and hilly ; none but prairie or valley lands tillable. Green, lands fit 
for cultivation or in timber, $7; about 300,000 acres wild land in the county, 
75,000 of which is owned by the Southwestern Pacific Railroad Company ; 
prairie and timber, four-fifths cultivable. Christian, $3, and Texas, $1 to $5; 
partially timbered ; soil gravelly, adapted to the culture of fruits, tobacco, and 
the cereals. Hickory, $4, lands productive. Dallas, $2 to $10; a portion 
susceptible of cultivation, the remainder valuable only for timber and pasturage. 
Phelps, $1 to $10; mostly broken, with some little prairie, but chiefly timbered ; 
the valleys are very rich, and good for corn, the uplands for small grains and 
fruit. Miller, $1 25 to $5; variety of soils, from dark limestone loam to light 
or chocolate-colored, and clay subsoil. Osage, $6; rolling, with a top loam 
from 6 to 10 inches in depth; Cole, $1 to $10; much of it excellent wheat, 
grass, and orchard land; a portion of the cheap lands will be useful only 
for sheep pastures, having a flinty, gravelly surface, covered with oak, hickory, 
and some grass. Moniteau, $8 to $12; capable of producing 40 to 50 bushels 
to the acre. Cooper, $10; suited to fruit culture. Boone, $10; fit for general 
farming ; Calloway, $8; will grow tobacco, wheat, and grass. Howard, $5 to 
$10; soil thin but productive. Chariton, $7 50 for prairie, $20 for timber ; 
soil equal to any in the country. 
There is still a great deal of government land in Missouri subject to entry — 
under the homestead laws or purchasable at the established prices for public 
lands. In 1860, the total area not included in farms exceeded 21,000,000 of 
acres, against about 20,000,000 taken up in farms, only about 6,000,000 of 
which was actually under cultivation. 
3. Missouri is rich in soil, minerals, and timber, and from its favorable loca- 
tion and great natural resources must at an early day take high rank among 
the great States of the Union. The Missouri river divides the State into two 
parts, having different physical characteristics. South of the river, as far west 
as the Osage, the surface is rolling, gradually rising into a hilly country. 
Beyond the Osage, at some distance, commences a vast expanse of prairie, 
stretching westward. The chief geological formations in these regions are solid 
strata of carboniferous and silurian limestone and sandstone, reposing on or 
around the unstratified primary rocks. In the hilly and broken regions, including 
a large portion of the State south of the Missouri, the soil is formed of disinte- 
grated sandstone, and sienite and magnesian limestone. The soils composed of 
the latter materials are fertile, but in some parts of the mineral regions their pro- 
ductiveness is impaired by the admixture of iron oxides. That part of the 
State lying north of the Missouri is either rolling or quite flat, and in no place 
mountainous. The soils are equal to the best intervale lands, and cultivation is 
probably in a more advanced state than to the south of the river. Its geologi- 
