266. 
‘eal substratum is chiefly carboniferous limestone, and the district is distinguished» 
for its vast measures of bituminous coal. In the southeastern section of the 
State, from Cape Girardeau to the northern part of Arkansas, there are large 
tracts of marshy and inundated lands. 
The principal minerals of the State are iron, lead, coal, copper, tin, lime and 
sandstone, freestone, &c., &c. Iron is reported in greater or less abundance in 
Scott, Cape Girardeau, Iron, St. Genevieve, Mercer, Cedar, Green, Texas, 
. La Fayette, Newton, Phelps, Osage, Cole, and other counties ; coal in Lincoln, 
Montgomery, Audrain, Shelby, Lewis, Scotland, Linn, Livingston, Mercer, Har- 
rison, Gentry, La Fayette, Nodaway, Cass, Henry, Bates, St. Clair, Vernon, 
Dade, Cole, Moniteau, Boone, Calloway, Howard, Chariton, &c.; lead in Mad- 
ison, Iron, St. Genevieve, Jefferson, Mercer, Vernon, Cedar, Newton, La Fayette, 
Green, Texas, Dallas, Osage, Cole, &c.; copperin Vernon, Cedar, Green, Texas, 
and Cole; tin in Iron; slight traces of gold in Mercer, but not in paying quan- 
tities; silver in Cedar; nickel and cobalt in Madison; limestone and sandstone 
in Scott, Lewis, Livingston, De Kalb, Buchanan, Phelps, Cole, &c.; salt in 
Fayette and adjoining counties ; chalk and potters’ clay in Scott and La Fay- 
ette ; fire and potters’ clay in Audrain and Cole ; superior white sand in St. Gene- 
vieve; antimony in Cedar; and glass sand in Cole. Our Lincoln reporter says that 
a bed of coal, 10 miles long, one to three miles in width, and of unknown thickness, 
underlies that county ; shafts having been been sunk in the bed to the depth of 
18 feet without getting through. In Calloway there is a bed of cannel coal, 25 
to 75 feet in thickness, extending for miles it is claimed, and lying within four 
miles of the Missouri river. A vein of coal in Cole county, on the Pacific rail- 
road, has been bored 100 feet without exhausting the coal measure. In par- 
ticular localities these several minerals have been largely worked, but generally 
the mineral resources of the State have been but slightly developed, want of 
capital being the chief drawback. 
Waluut, hickory, elm, ash, oak, hackberry, linn, dogwood, maple, cotton, pecan, 
sassafras, and other varieties of timber abound in many sections of the State, 
and in few, if any, counties is there a lack of timber for home uses. In some 
counties lumbering is extensively engaged in. Our Texas reporter says they 
have thousands of acres of pine timber, with four steam and 10 water-power 
mills now sawing lumber. In Mississippi county the timber is said to be very 
fine: “oaks, five feet in diameter; poplars, eight feet; cypress, 14 feet, (excep- 
tions, but plenty four to eight feet in diameter;) but few mills, yet fifty mills 
could make fortunes here, as there is plenty of timber and good shipping facili- 
ties.” Oak wood brings from four to five dollars per cord in Jefferson City, 
Cole county. The Pacific railroad is here supplied with fuel for the distance 
west of this county, where the line runs more than 100 miles through a prairie 
country ; much is also sold to steamboats along the Missouri river. Railroad 
ties for the Pacific railroad are also furnished from this point. 
4. Corn, wheat, oats, potatoes, tobacco, and hay are the leading crops, but 
neither can be classed a specialty in any county, though Indian corn is by far 
the heaviest product of the State, reaching nearly 47,000,000 bushels in 1866, 
and over 50,000,000 bushels in 1867. The wheat crop of 1867 reached nearly 
5,000,000 bushels; oats, 4,300,000 bushels; potatoes, 1,100,000 bushels; tobacco, 
11,600,000 pounds; hay, 680,000 tons. ‘The average gross receipts from the 
several crops per acre were about as follows: corn, $18; wheat, $25; oats, 
$15; potatoes, $71; hay, $19; tobacco, $92. The corn and hay crops, par- 
ticularly back from railroad facilities, are largely consumed upon the farms 
where grown by cattle, horses, mules, and hogs, stock raising having been largely 
engaged in within the past few years as the most profitable branch of farming 
operations for the interior, distant from markets and railroads. Our Chariton 
reporter writes as follows: 
Previous to the war tobacco and hemp were specialties in this county; but since the change 
in our system of labor our farmers are rapidly adapting themselves to the change, and are 
