278 
of which 55,000 was winter wheat. No rust, no weevil, very little smut, sound and healthy ; 
average price $1 in coin; cost, 80 cents per bushel; net profit, 20 cents per bushel, $5 per 
acre in coin. Hay, mostly herds-grass, averages two tons to the acre; about 3,500 acres 
cultivated ; 7,000 tons of hay, worth $8 per ton. In clover, 300 acres, two crops a year ; 
two tons per acre; worth $12 per ton. Apples by far the most profitable ; winter varieties 
worth 60 to 70 cents per bushel. 
Potatoes are the staple crop in Wahkiacum, the yield being about 300 bushels» 
of 60 pounds, to the acre under the best cultivation. Our correspondent made 
last year a net profit of $75 per acre. 
From Pacific our correspondent writes as follows : 
The business which employs the most men here, and the greatest amount of capital, is the 
cultivation of oysters. From 60 to 70 men are employed, with a corresponding number of 
sloops, boats, scows, &c., in transporting them from the natural to private beds. By an act 
of the legislature every citizen is granted 10 acres where there are no natural beds of oysters. 
This ground is covered with young oysters at a cost of about $180 per acre, 3,000 baskets 
being about what one acre will grow. These are fit for market in from three to five years, 
and bring $1 per basket. The cost of gathering is about 25 cents per basket, aside from the 
first cost of planting. ‘The amount of oysters annually shipped from this shoal water is 
about 40,000 baskets, the greater part going to San Francisco. About 5,000 baskets are 
sent to Oregon. The past winter has been very hard on the oystermen, many thousand 
bushels of oysters having been killed by the severe cold weather. 
5. In Clarke county white winter wheat is mostly sown, it being considered 
the most productive and making the best flour. Slender Straw Spring, Noe 
Tsland, and Hybrid, are also cultivated, the latter being the best spring variety. 
Winter wheat is suwn in September and October, and harvested in August ; 
spring wheat sown in March and April, though sometimes as early as February, 
and harvested in September ; but small proportion drilled, being generally sown 
broadeast, upon ploughed ground, and harrowed in. The Mediterranean spring 
wheat is preferred in Clallam, being less liable to smut than other kinds tried ; 
none drilled; sown in March; harvested in September. There is very little 
wheat cultivated in Pacific or Wahkiacum, though the climate and some of the 
soil are well adapted to its growth. The white club spring wheat is grown 
in Walla-Walla, winter varieties generally freezing out. 
6. White clover, wild red top, bunch grass, a coarse wide blade swale grass, 
and a kind of winter grass, a coarse variety between English rye and blue 
grass, growing upon the upland, are the principal natural grasses. Red clover 
and timothy are successfully cultivated. Our reporters in Pacific and Walla- 
Walla state that stock will subsist upon pastures and do well all the year; in 
Clallam and Wahkiacum eight months are given as the limit during which cat- 
tle can subsist exclusively upon pastures; and in Clarke seven months, at a 
cost of $3 per head. The estimated cost in Clallam is $12 per head for the sea- 
son. 
7. All our correspondents report favorably upon the capabilities of the Terri- 
tory for fruit culture. Our Clarke reporter answers the questions as follows : 
Apples, peass, plums, cherries, gooseberries, raspberries, strawberries, currants, and black- 
berries, are well adapted to our soil and climate. Peaches and grapes not so well suited. 
Of apples, the Roxbury Russet, Rhode Island Greening, Pearmain, Spitzenburg, and Jersey 
Sweeting, bear at the age of four years from grafting, if set out at one year old. 
Our Wahkiacum reporter says apples grow so abundantly that they will not 
pay to market; hence he turns them to profit by feeding them to his hogs, for 
which purpose he thinks them better than potatoes. 
In Pacifie apples, pears, and plums grow in abundance. Apples sell at 50 
cents per bushel. The orchards are all young, and little or no fruit is yet 
shipped from the county. Our Walla-Walla correspondent says : 
This is one of the best countries in the world for apples, pears, plums, peaches, cherries, 
grapes, &c. Four years ago I planted 1,000 small yearling trees. Last season T had 1,000 
bushels of fine fruit, 800 bushels of which were peaches. This fruit was sold at from $4 to 
$12 per bushel in gold. 
