364 
Summer fallowing is becoming the custom, farmers having found it the only safe and 
sure mode to secure crops in al] seasons. 
Wheat and barley are sowed in October, November, and December, and are called winter 
grain. No spring grain in the State. Sometimes these grains are planted in February and 
March, in new ploughed ground, but there is no certainty of a crop. 
The grasses are wholly indigenous, principally red and burr clover, red-top and timothy. 
No grasses except as garden plants cultivated here. 
Potatoes and beans are not much raised in this county, although in many sections large 
crops can be raised. Wheat and barley are yet the favorite products. 
Pasturage is yearly lessening, owing to the cultivation of grain and mixed crops. 
Farm stock is fast improving in quality by higher breeding, but decreasing in quantity. 
The wild or mustang race is about extinct in this county. 
Sheep, like all farm stock, are healthy—no disease. Farmers and stock raisers are yearly 
increasing their flocks in quantity and quality, breeding to thoroughbred French and Spanish 
Merinos, Southdowns, and Cotswolds. The cost of keeping sheep is but a trifle aside from 
herding. 
The celebrated Cotswold ram, ‘‘Golden Fleece,” from Mr. Johan D. Wing, Dutchess 
county, New York, has recently arrived in this county, together with a small herd (14) of 
the same breed. They are splendid animals and much admired here. 
Apples do not thrive well, the climate being too warm, or rather the summers are too hot. 
All stone and small fruits do well, producing in quality and quantity equal to any other 
section of the State, and far better than in the eastern and western States. The peach suffers 
in very hot seasons, and is here a short-lived tree, owing to its early maturing and over-bearing. 
Blossoms of the apple and stone fruits were injured by late frosts. 
Grapes (over 100 varieties of which have been cultivated here) do as well in this county 
as in other sections of the State, and California’s success in grape production is unparalleled 
either in quantity or quality. 
Cotton has been raised in this county, and the experiment proved satisfactory, but it is 
believed by some that the late frosts, which happen in some seasons, would destroy it. 
Others, who are well posted in the culture of cotton in the southern States, think that a sure 
and profitable crop can be grown throughout the southern counties to Mexico, and that this 
State can and should raise enough to manufacture, not alone for our own wants, but sufficient 
for the Pacific coast. 
THE COTTON TRADE IN 1868. 
The following is an exhibit of the cotton imports into Great Britain for the 
first quarter of the present year. It shows a marked increase in the supply 
from the United States, and a material advance in the relative proportion 
obtained from this country. In fact, the old predominance is almost shown, 
69 per cent. of the entire importation being brought from this country, against 
55 per cent. in the same period of 1867, and 53 per cent. in 1866. 
From whence imported. 1866. | 1867. | 1868. 
Einited ‘Sidteawewt ese) Wiha eee 1,078,955 | 999,403 | 1, 681, 830 
Bahamas and bermudasicwihess sess) = -rieeeeieee 2, 602 2 4i 
IVEEXIGO MC Wits he ar ec ee Deer i en 2 SO Nee ies cece | on. a ee 
Brazil ew. 22 Seek tc ce each ce eae 149,701 | 114,778 | 151, 178 
Minrkoy: Gwe 202 oi eo ys eee 41, 374 | 33, 215 | 4,217 
IBeypl, CW: 22-225 clone ee pee nes wee ane 246, 897 | 454, 005 322, 881 
Bitisheindiacwit i. 2222. ae. ede = eee o- 457, 450 | 147, 030 238, U32 
> (CHINITES Oi Ae ee men ee ai ie een Ah! hos ee ee 2.041) |5b222 ee 
Othemcountries, Cwt. 2. foes eee e ee ee eee 46, 580 64, 705 32, 627 
hic eee ape iM ese 2,026,409 | 1,815,219 | 2, 430, 806 
PREMIUMS FOR WHEAT-GROWERS. 
Messrs. Moore, Foote & Co., of Detroit, Michigan, having placed at the 
disposal of the Michigan State Agricultural Society $400 to be awarded in three 
premiums for the best white winter wheat, in quantity and quality, raised upon 
