CONTENTS. XIX 



PAGE 



Former Extension of Land in this Region. Nesting of the Great Albatross. 

 Mode of Courtship. Skuas. "Johnny" Penguins. Rock Hoppers. 

 Rookeries of King Penguins. Absurd appearance of the Young Birds. 

 Singular Mode of Incubation. Habits of Sheath-bills. Appearance of the 

 Crozet Islands. Tree-trunks found in the Islands by former Voyagers . 141 



CHAPTER VIII. 



KERGUELEN's LAND. 



Position of the Island. Its Mountains and Fjords. Active Volcano. Christmas 

 Harbour. Sea Elephants and Fur Seals. Shooting Teal. The Kerguelen 

 Cabbage. Wingless Flies and Gnats. Vegetation at Successive Heights. 

 Fossil Wood. Rookeries of Rock Hopper and Macaroni Penguins. Pen- 

 guins Inhabiting a Cave. Betsy Cove. Glaciation of the Land Surface. 

 Iceborne Rocks. Excavationof the Fjords. Bedsof Burnt Coal. The Sea 

 Leopard. Killing Sea Elephants. Nature of the Trunk of the Sea Elephant. 

 Carrion Birds. The Giant Petrel. Habits of Several Burrowing Petrels. 

 The Diving Petrel. Habits of Sheath Bills. Struggle for Existence 

 amongst the Birds. Mode of Whalir.g amongst the Kelp .... 160 



CHAPTER IX. 



HEARD ISLAND. 



Diatoms on the Sea Surface. Macdonald Island. Whisky Bay, Heard Island. 

 Coast-line composed of Glaciers. Structure of the Glaciers. Terminal 

 and Lateral Moraines. Glacier Stream. Rocks cut by Natural Sand Blast. 

 Lava Flow and Denuded Crater. Scanty Vegetation. Range in Elevation 

 of Arctic and Southern Plants Compared. Mode of Hunting Sea Elephants. 

 Habits of these Animals. Sealers Inhabiting Heard Island. Birds of the 

 Island 187 



CHAPTER X. 



AMONGST THE SOUTHERN ICE. 



First Iceberg Sighted. Typical Forms of Southern Bergs. Preservation of 

 Equilibrium. Wash Lines. Caverns. Bi-tabular Bergs, How Formed. 

 Weathering of Bergs. Stratification of Ice in Bergs. Cleavage. Scarcity 

 of Rocks on Bergs. Discoloured Bands in the Ice. Rev. Canon Moseley 

 on the Motion of Glaciers. Colouring of Bergs. Blue Berg. Surf on the 

 Coasts of Bergs. Scenic effects of Icebergs. Appearance of the Pack Ice. 

 Discolouration of Ice by Diatoms. Gales of Wind amongst the Icebergs. 

 Snowbow. Whales Blowing. Grampuses. Birds amongst the Ice. Ant- 

 arctic Climate in Summer 201 



CHAPTER XI. 



VICTORIA. NEW SOUTH WALES. 



Excursions into the Bush near Melbourne. Opossum Snare. Tracks of the 

 Aborigines on Tree trunks. Town of Sandhurst. The Highest Tree 

 in the World. Aborigines on a Government Reserve. Ornithorynchus 



