CONTENTS. xxiii 



CHAPTER XX. 



TAHITI. JUAN FERNANDEZ. 



PAGE 



Death of Rudolph Von Willemoes Suhm. Scientific Papers and Journals left 

 by him. Papeete. Excursion into the Mountains. Fly-Fishing in a 

 Mountain Stream. Uses of the Wild Banana. Vegetation Composed 

 mainly of Ferns. Camping at Night. Tahitian Mountain Map. Ascent 

 to 4,000 feet Altitude. Petrels Nesting at this Height. Their possible In- 

 fluence in Distribution of Plants. Ignorance of the Natives concerning 

 the Mountains. Mode of Alternation of Generations in the Mushroom 

 Coral. Structure of Millepora. Structure of the Stylasteridae. Catching 

 Land-Crabs. Tahitian National Air. Juan Fernandez. Preponderance of 

 Ferns. Destruction of Trees. Gunnera Chilensis. Conspicuous Flowers. 

 Humming Birds of the Island. Their Fertilization of Flowers. Small- 

 ness of the Island compared with the Number of Endemic Forms. Endemic 

 Palm. Dendroseris 445 



CHAPTER XXI. 



CHILE. MAGELLAN'S STRAITS. FALKLAND ISLANDS. 

 ASCENSION. 



Valparaiso. The Andes not Conspicuous. Cattle lassoed in the Streets. 

 Excursion up the Uspallata Pass. Leafless Mistletoe on the Leafless 

 Cactus. An Equestrian Hair-Cutter. Dead and disabled Animals on the 

 Pass. Use of the Lasso in Robbery and Flirtation. Cleverness of a Horse 

 on a Mountain Path. Fjords of the Western Coast of Patagonia. Density 

 of the Forest. An Anchor Broken. Fuegians. Wild Geese at Elizabeth 

 Island. Kitchen Middens. The Falkland Islands. Visit to Port Darwin. 

 Scotchmen turned Gauchos. Chapinas and Tropijes. Wild Horses and 

 their Habits. Various Modes of Handling Cattle in Different Parts of the 

 World. Goose-Bolas made of Knuckle-Bones. Flies and Gnats with 

 Rudimentary Wings. Skeleton of Ziphioid Whale. Fuegian Arrow-heads 

 Scattered in the Islands. Habits of Jackass Penguin. Ascension Island. 

 Land Crabs. The Hatching of Turtles' Eggs. Shooting at Flying Fish. 

 Birds at Boatswain Bird Island 472 



CHAPTER XXn. 



LIFE ON THE OCEAN SURFACE AND IN THE DEEP SEA. ZOOLOG 

 AND BOTANY OF THE SHIP. CONCLUSION. 



Plants of the Ocean Surface. Fauna of the Sargasso Sea. Protective Colouring 

 of Pelagic Animals. Varietj' of Pelagic Animals. Flight of the Albatross. 

 Flight of Flying-fish. A Pelagic Insect. Pelagonemertes described. 

 Phosphorescence of Pelagic Animals. Giant Pyrosoma. Uncertainty as 

 to Range in Depth of Pelagic Animals. The Depth of the Oceans and 

 Depressions on the Earth's Surface. Deep-Sea Dredging. Vast Pressure 

 existing in the Deep Sea. Experiment showing this made by Mr. Buchanan. 

 Conditions under which Life Exists in the Deep Sea. Range of Plants in 

 Depth. Food of Deep-Sea Animals. Experiment on the Rate of Sinking 



