222 J- Playfair Mc Mukrich, 



while, at tlie same time it ignores the close relationsliip which 

 apparently exists between the Haicampas and Hdlodava and Eloadis, 

 these latter forms being Thenarians. 



For these various reasons il seems to me advisable to avoid 

 such a grouping as Carlgeen proposes and to divide the simpler 

 Actininae at once into families, recognizing in addition to the Ed- 

 ivardsiidae, which will include in addition to the Edwardsiae and 

 HaJcampidae (Auctt.) the genus Scytopliorus, the Gonactiniidae, which 

 will include Gonactinia, Protanthea and possibly Oradis, the Peadiiidae, 

 including Peadiia, Eloadis and Hdlodava, and the Ilyanthidae, having 

 essentially the limitations recognized by Andres (1883). 



Genus Halianthus Kwietn. 1896. 



Edivardmdae with twelve perfect mesenteries, in addition to 

 which there may be other rudimentary ones; sphincter mesogloeal. 



The proper name for this genus is at present uncertain and 

 will remain so until the anatomical peculiarities of a greater number 

 of forms belongiug to Gösse's genus HaJcampa shall have been 

 revealed and opportunity be thus afforded for a determination of 

 the synonymy of the various groups into which the genus has been 

 divided in recent years. Andres (1883) separated the forms possessing 

 more than twelve tentacles from Gosse's genus, forming of them 

 the genus Halcampella , and ten years later Carlgren (1893), dis- 

 covering a mesogloeal sphincter in H. duodedmcirrata and H. ardica, 

 retained for the forms with this peculiarity the name Halcampa, 

 while for those in which the sphincter is endodermal he proposed 

 the name Halcampomorphe. Kwietniewski (1896), however, pointed 

 out that the type species of Gosse's genus possesses, according to 

 the observations of Haddon and Faurot, an endodermal sphincter, 

 and Haddon later expressly confirmed that fact. Kwietniewski, 

 therefore, correctly regards Carlgeen's Halcampomorphe as a synonym 

 of Halcampa Gosse, and proposed for the forms with a mesogloeal 

 sphincter the name Halianthus; but, combining with the nature of 

 the sphincter the number of the tentacles as a second criterion for 

 Classification, he limits Halianthus to forms with not more than 

 twelve tentacles and for the forms with a greater number he founded 

 the genus HaUantliella. It is not at all improbable that this last 

 genus will prove identical with Andres' Halcampella, and, further- 

 more, since it seems that the number of the tentacles is hardly a 



