PREFACE xi 



SESSIONAL PAPER No. 38a 



tip of the snout to end of backbone, and total ^ength measurement, from snout to end 

 of outspread tail. As in the case of the herring, one single year in the pollock will 

 yield so abundantly that it predominates for several successive years, and the author 

 now confirms the conclusion of Mr. Douglas Macallum in 1914, that the fish of 1909 

 were the most abundant year-class in 1914, 1915, and 1916. The material obtained 

 for the studies of second-year fish showed that they range from 29 cm. to 45 cm. and 

 were probably large for their age. Fish in the third year, with two winter rings 

 showing in the scales, were 362:4 cm. standard length and so on up to the seventh year, 

 when they measured 72 cm. Macallum studied' 1,250 pollock in 1914-15, and Dr. 

 Mavor, in the course of his work, examined and obtained material from 2,387 fish. 

 Detailed tables are given to establish the author's results. 



VII. HYDROGRAPHICAL OBSERVATIOXS, BAY OF FUXDY— 

 (Mr. E. H. Craigie. B.A.; Mr. W. H. Chase. B.A.) 



The authors give the results of two cruises in the Bay of Fundy, 1915, to con- 

 firm and extend the hydrographioal observations already published. Fifteen stations 

 were established, and third and fourth cross-sections, and one longitudinal section of 

 the bay completed. It is noted that : — 



(1) A higher temperature prevails in the deeper water layer; indeed, a cold 

 tongue of water occupies the middle of the bay. In one instance, at Station I. a 

 peculiar rise, in a depth of 40 to 70 fathoms, also a rise at Station IX in 20 fathoms; 

 and (in 1914) at Station II (60 fathoms), were discovered, probably evidencing deep 

 currents. 



(2) The upper regions of the bay show a very constant temperature from 5 

 fathoms to the bottom. The first phenomenon is due, probably, to vertical rising of the 

 water, owing to the great tides; and the second, to the more widespread and com- 

 plete tidal mixing of water at the head of the bay. The air was in no case less than 

 2-2 degrees warmer than the surface water, and often more; but it is noted that H.M. 

 S. ChaUenqer, in a few cases only, found the water temperature higher than the air, 

 in the adjacent Xova Scotia r^ions. The ChaUenqer and Helland-Hansen results 

 are not. therefore, confirmed on the whole. The temperature of the water tends to be 

 liigher on the Xova Scotia side than on the Xew Brunswick side, and the bottom 

 temperature of the Annapolis basin is much lower, in many eases, than that of Digby 

 Gut, or the inflowing river-water. The detailed results are given in three tables: (1) 

 showing temperature records, Bay of Fundy, 1915; (2) showing temperature records, 

 Annapolis basin and St. Mary bay; (3) specific gravity, etc., St. Mary bay. 



VIII. AFFECTED SALMOX, MIRAMICHI HATCHERY, XEW 

 BRUXSWICK— (Principal F. C. Harrison). 



In the fall of 1915, disease appeared among the live parent salmon in the South 

 Tlsk hatchery pond. Of 2,400 fish nearly one-quarter showed fungus, scales eaten oS, 

 •eyes blinded, and many salmon moribound. Xo unhealthy conditions appeared in the 

 .pond or inflo\i'ing water supply, according to the information furnished. Exact 



