78 



DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVAL SERVICE 



8 GEORGE V, A. 1918 

 Table I. — Distance from Port Maitland approximate in sea level. 



Place. 



Port Maitland 



Foot dam, Uunnville 



Water above dam 



York 



Foot dam, Caledonia 



Top dam, m 



Behind dam, « 



At mouth, Fairchild's 



Cockshutt Bridge, Brantford 

 Foot lower dam, n 



Behind « n 



Behind upper dam, .. 



Below dam. Paris 



Behind dam, « .... 



Bridge, Glenmorris 



Foot dam. Gait 



Above dam, .• 



At Bridge, Conestogo 



A.t Flora. 



At Fergus 



At Bridge, Bel wood 



Mileage. 



t 

 29 

 34 

 34 

 34 

 50 

 60 

 64 

 64 

 67 

 76 

 76 

 83 

 90 

 90 

 120 

 13.5 

 140 

 147 



Difference 



7 







22 



5 











16 



10 



4 







3 



9 







C 

 30 

 15 



Total head 5 

 Total head 7 

 Water level 



Elevation 



573-94 

 573 94 

 581 00 

 594 00 

 610 00 

 618 00 



618 00 



619 00 

 639 



644 00 

 658 -17 

 675 00 

 680 00 

 688 00 

 802 00 

 853 

 862 00 



1018 00 



1367 00 



Difference, 

 Lake El ie Level. 







7 



13 



16 



8 







1 



20 



5 



14 



17 



5 



8 



114 



51 



9 



Both 



156 00 



dams 56 ft. 

 M 38 ft. 



In the upper stretches of the river, including its tributaries, extending roughly to 

 the vicinity of Paris, the stream-bed is composed of rocks and course gravel almost 

 throughout, and flows in places over exposed limestone for considerable distances. 

 Prom Paris southward the bed consists chiefly of: — 



Table No. 2. 



Vicinity — Nature of Bed — 



Paris to Brantford Gravel, sand. 



Western Counties canal, Gravel, sand, silt and clay. 



Brantford to 12 miles below, . . . Gravel, sand and clay. 



To Caledonia Fine gravel, sand and silt. 



Caledonia to York Gravel, exposed limestone. 



York to Dunnville Pine gravel, sand and silt. 



Dunnville to Lake Largely silt. 



This section of the province, in common with all southwestern Ontario, is occu- 

 pied throughout by comparatively undisturbed limestone and other Silurian and 

 Devonian strata with overlying drift, clays, sands and more recent superficial deposits. 

 The deep deposit of drift material naturally lends itself to- erosion, and consequently 

 the river carries considerable quantities of sand and gravel during heavy floods, scour- 

 ing the channel from the headwaters to below Brantford. Below this point a large 

 area of the river channel with the small declivity produces such a condition that light 

 deposits may take place rather than the scouring of the bed to any extent. All the 

 tributaries also bring down large quantities of material. 



DISTRIBUTION OF MUSSELS. 



Some years ago when repairs were being made on the feeder canal at Dunnville, 

 shells were found in such abundance that they were picked up by the wagon load. This 

 discovery led to the establishment of a small shelling industry at this point. Last 

 year (1915) 265 tons were shipped from Dunnville, and this year approximately 260 

 tons. 



