HYDROORAPHIC INYESTIOATIONS 133 



SESSIONAL PAPER No. 38a 



one longitudinal section of the bay of Fundy, thus making it possible to get a fairly 

 clear idea of the temperature distribution in this interesting body of water by exam- 

 ining the profiles constructed and the accompanying diagrams showing the horizontal 

 distribution of temperature at the shallower-levels. 



The observations made at the stations where work was carried on in 1914 show 

 little difference in surface temperature, but markedly colder water below. The fact 

 that a seasonal difference of only six weeks makes such a great difference in the tem- 

 perature of the deep water shows how great is the effect of vertical mixing due to the 

 very great tides. This effect is also seen in the large areas of very uniform tempera- 

 ture found in both years. 



The results obtained at stations near the mouth of the bay show an interesting 

 agreement with observations made by Helland-Hansen in the open Atlantic. The state- 

 ment of this investigator that the temperature of the surface water is, as a rule, higher 

 than the air temperature is not borne out by the Bay of Fundy observations, nor by 

 those of the Challenger expedition in this region of the Atlantic. 



A slight rise of temperature at an intermediate depth, seen in three stations near 

 the mouth of the bay, gives evidence of deep currents, but no data are available from 

 which definite information concerning these can be obtained. 



There is a clear indication that the water on the Nova Scotia side of the lower 

 part of the bay is, on the whole, warmer than on the New Brunswick side, and the 

 plan of the surface temperatures suggests a current of warm surface water from the 

 Atlantic flowing in along the south shore and then turning north about half way up 

 the bay, so that its influence is not visible in the higher profiles. All the other evidence, 

 however, indicates a simple tongue of cold water up the middle of the bay. 



Several points with regard to the surface temperatures remain unexplained. 



The plan of distribution of temperature in the surface water of St. Mary bay 

 shows a rather imiform increase of temperature in the upper part of the bay, with 

 indications of certain currents and tidal disturbances. The longitudinal profile, which 

 is based upon insufficient data, gives no suggestion of any peculiar or striking condi- 

 tions. 



In conclusion, it remains only to express our indebtedness to Dr. Philip Cox, who 

 accompanied us on both cruises, and Mr. J. R. McMurrich, who joined the party on 

 the second, as well as to Dr. A. B. Macallum, Dr. C. C. Benson, and Dr. A. G. Hunts- 

 man for valuable assistance and criticism. We are also deeply indebted to Professor 

 Vachon, Laval University, for the trouble he took in re-titrating the water samples. 



