HYDROGRAPHY IN PAS8AMAQU0DDY BAY 303 



SESSIONAL PAPER No. 38a 



At Prince Station 1, we find a higher temperature and lower salinity at 30 metres 

 than at 20 which showing the water at this point was in a state of unstable equili- 

 brium, a layer of higher density being above one of lower density. As a general rule, 

 such strange results were obtained with many of the water-samples collected later in 

 the season. For instance, at Prince Station 4, the results are normal until September 

 15. Then we find a salinity of 31-13 Voo at 35 metres when the salinity at 30 metres 

 was as high as 32-57 Voo, giving a density of 23-96 for the first and 25-10 for the 

 second. At the same station, on October 3, we obtained a salinity of 30-73 °/oo at 20 

 metres when that of the surface was 31-66 °/oo. The same consideration can be made 

 concerning Station 6, when we find on September 15 a temperature of 10 17 and a 

 salinity of 31-67 Voo at 35 metres whereas at '30 metres the temperature was 10-12° and 

 the salinity 31-69 Voo. As one can see by the tables, a number of water samples, col- 

 lected at Station 6 in October, were lost, so we cannot say whether the extraordinary 

 result mentioned is accidental. It will be seen also that at Prince station 6 the 

 salinity varies greatly with the tide, especially at the surface and it is easy to under- 

 stand that it should be so on account of the flow of fresh water from the Ste. Croix 

 river, as station 6 is located in the mouth of the river, between the Biologn^cal Station 

 and Eobbinston. At station 9 on September 15 we find a zigzag of temperatures 

 and salinities : the temperature rises somewhat from 10 to 20 metres while the salinity 

 lowers; at 50 metres the salinity is 31-21 Voo when we find 32-15 Voo at 40 metres, the 

 salinity afterwards rises normally to the bottom but the temperature rises also ; how- 

 ever, from 50 metres down, the density increases in a normal manner. On October 

 S, we find at the same station (20 metres) a density of 23-88 between 24-34 at 10 and 

 24-40 at 30 metres. At station 16 we get a sahnity of 32-63 Voo at the surface, 32-07 V>o 

 at 10 metres and 31-47 Voo at 20 metres. At 30 metres the salinity rises somewhat, 

 but so does the temperature; there is another decrease in salinity at 40 metres. The 

 high percentage of salts in the surface water of station 17 can be explained by the 

 fact that the sample was collected in Yarmouth Harbour, where the depth is only 13 

 metres, and, therefore, the water is easily mixed. 



All the bottles, except one, were broken, which contained the samples collected at 

 Station 20; it is unfortunate as the temperatures predicted interesting figures for the 

 salinity. From a depth of 10 metres down the temperature rises, 6-08° at 10 metres, 

 6-43 at 15 m., then 8-22, 10-98, 11-74, 11-93, 12-00. Perhaps the upper layers had 

 been first cooled down to a certain depth, and that they had begun to get warmer again 

 as the air temperature rose. But a fact worthy of attention in this particular case is 

 that the temperature of the surface water is 15-69° when the air temperature is 11-80°. 

 At station 21 there is also a decrease of temperature from the surface to a depth of 20 

 metres, but there is a rise of temperature from 30 metres to the bottom. However, at 

 this station, as the salinity rises from the upper layers to the bottom, the increase of 

 density is also normal. The temperatures taken at station 24 deserve special attention 

 from the fact that there is very little difference between the surface temperature and that 

 of the bottom, 9-37° at the surface and 9-29° at 55 metres. From 9-37° at the surface 

 we get 9-32°, 9-31°, 9-28°; then a rise 9129°, 9-30°; a slight fall to 9-28° and 9-29° 

 at the bottom. These temperatures were taken at 9-20 a.m. The same day, at 5.45 in 

 the afternoon, we have somewhat equivalent results, but the low salinity, instead of 

 being at 50 metres, as in the forenoon when the tide was high is at 40 metres, at low 

 tide. Two of the samples collected at station 24, September 23, 5.46 p.m. were lost; 

 the others gave very extraordinary salinity results. The hig'hest salinity, 32-37 Voo is 

 at the surface. We found 32-29 Voo at 10 metres, 31-28 Voo at 40 metres and 31-13 Voo 

 at 50 metres. A glance at the results given for stations 25 and 27 shows that at 

 those stations also the density of the water was higher at the surface than at a certain 

 depth. At station 25 we find a salinity of .32-47 Voo at 10 metres and only 31-54 Voo 

 ten metres lower and so forth and so on. 



