REPORT OF THE SECRETARY. 51 



tionalized figures of birds, etc., or marked with incised designs. An- 

 other feature of the mound was the presence of a great amount of 

 broken pottery, especially in the refuse at the base and covering the 

 slopes. This pottery is chiefly of fine texture, although some of the 

 cooldng vessels are of coarse ware. With the exception of the 

 painted vessel above noted, the only ornamentation applied by the 

 makers of the pottery consists of incised and impressed designs, the 

 latter made usually with a paddle of clay or wood, or worked out 

 in the moist ware before firing by means of a pointed tool, a spatula, 

 a piece of cane, or a shell. 



In pursuance of another plan of cooperative archeological research, 

 Mr. Hodge, in October, visited Zuiii, N". Mex., with Mr. Heye, for the 

 purpose of examining the ruins of the historic pueblo of Hawikuh, 

 in the Zuhi Valley southwest of Zuni pueblo, and of making the nec- 

 essary arrangements with the Indians for its excavation. This site is 

 of great archeological and historical interest, as the pueblo was in- 

 habited when first seen by Fray Marcos de Niza in 1539, and when 

 visited and stormed by Coronado in the following year. It became 

 the site of an important Franciscan mission in 1629, and was finally 

 abandoned in 1670 on account of depredations by hostile Indians. 

 By reason of the fact that Hawikuh was inhabited continuously from 

 prehistoric times until 130 years after the opening of the historical 

 period, it is expected that a thorough study of its ruins will shed 

 important information on the effect of the earliest Spanish contact 

 with the Zmii people and will supplement archeological work con- 

 ducted in other village sites of that tribe. Owing to unforeseen cir- 

 cumstances, active work was not commenced before the close of the 

 fiscal year, but it is hoped that its initiation will not be long delayed. 

 A permit therefor has been granted by the Secretary of the Interior. 



By provisional agreement with the School of American Archae- 

 ology at Santa Fe, N. Mex., and the Royal Ontario Museum of 

 Archaeology at Toronto, plans were perfected whereb}^ the Smith- 

 sonian Institution, in conjunction with those establishments, was to 

 conduct archeological researches of an intensive character in the 

 Chaco Canyon of northern New Mexico, one of the most important 

 culture areas north of Mexico. Although every effort was made to 

 obtain from Congress the necessary appropriation for meeting the 

 Institution's share of the expense (a permit for the excavations hav- 

 ing been issued by the Secretary of the Interior), the project was 

 presented too late for action, hence the work, so far as the Smith- 

 sonian Institution is concerned, has been necessarily postponed. 



As opportunity offered, the preparation of the bibliography^ of the 

 Pueblo Indians was continued by Mr. Hodge, who also represented 

 the Smithsonian Institution as a member of the United States Geo- 

 graphic Board, and the Bureau of American Ethnology at the meet- 



