122 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1907. 
THE ELECTROTYPOGRAPH. 
The electrotypograph, designed by the Hungarian inventors, Me- 
ray and Rozar, is incontestably superior to its predecessors. Just- 
fication is absolutely automatic. The keyboard operator, without 
making any reading, manipulates a single lever at the end of each 
line. One can therefore attain the speed of a typewriter in compo- 
sition, or about 15,000 characters per hour. 
(1) Composing machine-—The composing machine consists of a 
Williams typewriter, a perforator, and a calculator. The typewriter 
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Fic. 9._Lhe composing machine of the electrotypograph. ~ 
furnished a copy of the composition, which can be corrected, thus giv- 
ing a proof before casting. The perforator makes a row of holes in 
a paper ribbon or band. There are eight series of these holes ar- 
ranged in rows across the band (fig. 10); let us designate them by 
the numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 0, 6, and 7. The perforations by the series 
0 are continuous and are for the purpose of advancing the band. 
The combinations of perforations 1, 2, 8, 4, 5 correspond to the series 
of small or lower-case letters, just as do the combinations of the five 
