356 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1907. 
. Ruhrort, Duisburg, 
| Emmerich. | Sridkeiachicidl Mannheim. 
Year. a5 | 
assed | Dispatched Dispatched é 
| Passed up. ome up. aoa Arrived up. 
SBS ea enoeeees se oc e ese erase see 4,880 3,048 3,446 | 2,005 2,436 
LOC ee se ee Serene ee atte) 9,036 4,130 6,225 | 2,370 3,917 
TO OR fee a EAs Cet as Ra Se eee ee 10,028 7,211 7,154 4,615 4,251 
1k (jae ee es es a 12,583 8,119 6,172 4,125 3,942 
For the sake of comparison, it may be mentioned that the total 
quantity carried by the Manchester Ship Canal in 1905 was 4,250,000 
tons. 
And now let us see how these totals were made up. In 1905 the 
quantity of iron and other ores that passed upstream at Emmerich 
was 5,352,000 tons; that of wheat and other grains of the temperate 
zone, 3,250,000 tons—in all 8,602,000 tons, leaving only 3,930,000 for 
all other commodities. Coal made up more than half the quantity 
that passed down. At Ruhrort, etc., coal made up 5,940,000 tons of 
the 6,172,000 tons sent up and 3,492,000 out of the 4,125,000 tons sent 
downstream. At Mannheim coal and grain together constituted 
nearly two-thirds of the total quantity received. The quantity of 
goods sent downstream was comparatively small—660,000 tons, of 
which salt formed the most important item. 
It is instructive, also, to note some of the commodities carried by 
water in smaller amount, and for that purpose I have selected four of 
the raw materials according to the classification of the official report 
on the inland waterways of Germany. In this case I have taken the 
Rhine and the Elbe together as the water avenues to the chief manu- 
facturing districts of the empire. 
Imports in 1905 in thousands of metric tons and one decimal of a thousand tons, 
with the percentage imported by water of the total import. 
pula Percent- 
By Rhine Total a 
‘le ge by 
and Elbe. water. 
EWC OU UO Tse: sss ew en eee ie re Te ee re AE eet SE Fa 73.9 402.9 18 
UA WAW.O OL Se ee Se SE ee Se eS ie ee eee) 40.4 165.1 24 
Plax Ne; ANC tO Wasser a a ee ee Ls ee SN 70.2 140.6 50 
ides; ;skins,peltries;;andvlea there a-s.se ae a eee ee Dell 170.3 16 
The only one of the four of which a large proportion is carried up 
by water is flax and hemp, and this may be accounted for in two 
ways—first, by the fact that this is much the least valuable of the 
four in proportion to its bulk; and, second, that the Elbe, by which 
the bulk of the import takes place, carries this commodity such a long 
distance on the way to the chief seats of manufacture in the eastern 
part of the Kingdom of Saxony, the adjoining districts of Silesia, 
and the Austrian province of Bohemia. 
