394 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1907. 
identical with that of Sphenopteris Honinghausii, a fact which Mr. 
Kidston has recently demonstrated by a detailed comparison. The 
main rachis forked at some little distance from the base, a character 
which is shown in structural specimens as well as in impressions. 
The branching of the stem appears to have been axillary. The 
adventitious roots, commonly found in connection with the stem, had 
when young a somewhat Marattiaceous character, but on undergoing 
secondary growth assumed the structure of the roots of Gymnosperms. 
Thus the vegetative organs of the plant present a manifest com- 
bination of Filicean and Gymnospermous characters indicating affini- 
ties in both directions. The convenient name Cycadofilices, intro- 
duced by Potonié in 1897 for plants in this intermediate position, has 
been generally adopted. Both the stem and leaves of Lyginodendron 
Oldhamium are studded with multicellular outgrowths, like blunt 
spines, which in certain 
cases assume the charac- 
ter of capitate multicel- 
lular glands. These 
glands enabled Profes- 
sor Oliver first to iden- 
tify the seed of Lygino- 
dendron. 
The seed, Lagenos- 
toma Lomaxt (pl. 1), 
is inclosed in an outer 
envelope or  cupule, 
which bears numerous 
Fic. 9.—Restoration of the seed of Lyginodendron, from capitate glands identi- 
a model by Mr. H. E. Smedley. The seed is sur- eq] instructureand form 
rounded by the open cupule, studded with capitate : 
fence , with those on the vege- 
tative organs of Lygin- 
odendron Oldhamium. 'The vascular bundle of the pedicel has the 
same structure as that of a small rachis of Lyginodendron, while the 
smaller bundles which traverse the cupule agree with those in the 
lamina of the vegetative leaflets. 
The cupule of the seed Lyginodendron was a deeply lobed envelope 
which we have compared to the husk of a hazel nut. (See pl. 1 and 
fig. 9.) It overtopped the seed, and inclosed it in the young condi- 
tion. The pedicel bearing the seed is traversed by a concentric vas- 
cular bundle, which, before entering the chalaza, gives off numerous 
branches into the cupule. 
The seed itself is orthotropous and generally of Cycadean organi- 
zation; it shows complete radial symmetry. It possesses a single in- 
tegument, adherent to the nucellus except in the apical region. The 
single chalazal bundle breaks up into about nine strands, which tray- 
