414 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1907. 
under his orders twenty employees, of which there are one head keeper 
and six underkeepers of animals. The total expenses of the garden 
in 1905 were £6,118, among which are the following: 
£ s d. 
Salanies andl! Wages. 225 eS oo a ee ee 15 @2s3 4b 0) 
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The zoological garden of Bristol, or Clifton Zoo, as it is called in 
England, is situated at the foot of the plateau of Clifton, northwest 
of the city, in a retired and sheltered locality, occupying an area 
of 12 acres. It is open every week day from 9 a. m. until sunset. 
Immediately on entering this garden one is struck with its fresh, 
park-like aspect, everything being well kept and pleasing. Indeed, 
it combines, as one may say, the best effects of a menagerie and a 
botanic garden. ‘There are to be seen beds covered with geraniums, 
Fie. 1—General plan of lion house, Bristol Zoological Garden. 
fuchsias, yuccas, agaves, fan palms, etc., clumps of rhododendrons of 
various selected species, and a great number of ferns which together 
certainly form one of the finest collections in England. 
In the center of the garden are spacious lawns where wild geese 
of many varieties wander at liberty, and a little farther toward the 
south is a fine lake with wooded islets which affords a home for 
waterfowl. Throughout the place clumps of indigenous or exotic 
trees tastefully surround the animal houses, which are themselves 
sometimes covered with ivy, wistarias, or wild grapevines. Here and 
there statues and ornamental vases add still more to the charm of the 
landscape. Besides, the trees and shrubs have been so chosen that 
the garden must appear in winter almost as bright as when I saw it 
during the month of August. There are in fact pines, cedars, arau- 
carias, sequoias, and live oaks, mingled with ailantuses, sumacs, 
birches, elms, beeches, walnut trees, oaks, thorn trees, and especially 
holly trees, of which I was able to count twenty different species or 
