416 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1907. 
The monkey house, a httle farther away, contained when I visited 
it some twenty specimens, and is constructed on the same principle 
of allowing the animals at all times access to a large exterior cage 
where the air can freely circulate on all four sides. However, a young 
male chimpanzee was placed in a glazed cage in the parrot house, 
and is rarely taken out into the garden. 
The aviaries presented nothing especially worthy of note. A cer- 
tain number of birds are allowed complete liberty; for example, a 
pair of American geese (Lernicla magellanica) nest every year in 
one of the thickets of the garden. I also noted two Benin owls (Bubo 
lacteus), magnificent, rare birds, that come from one of the hottest 
regions of the globe, and which nevertheless have for six years done 
very well here in a small cage without artificial heat and exposed 
freely to the southwest wind. 
In the reptile house, near that for the parrots, was a pair of boa 
constrictors, the female of which brought forth in July, 1898, a litter 
of twenty-six young and since that time has borne three other litters 
of thirty-five, thirty-one, and fifty. Some of these have died; the 
garden has sold the others, keeping only a young female to replace 
the mother, who died last year. * * * 
ZOOLOGICAL GARDEN AT MANCHESTER. 
The Zoological Garden at Manchester (Bellevue Gardens) is a 
private enterprise, originating as far back as 1829. At that time a 
certain John Jennison installed at Stockport, 10 kilometers from Man- 
chester, a little menagerie which he exhibited to the public for an ad- 
mission fee. Some years afterward he abandoned this first establish- 
ment to buy southeast of Manchester some 80 acres of land, where he 
reinstalled his enlarged menagerie and added a large number of at- 
tractions, which his sons, the present proprietors of the garden, have 
since further developed. 
Bellevue Gardens can hardly be compared with the zoological 
gardens of London, Dublin, and Bristol. They form indeed a vast, 
permanent fair ground, open every day to the public from 9 a. m. to 
11 p. m., visited on holidays by 35,000 to 45,000 persons.2. An enu- 
meration of its principal attractions will give a feeble idea of the 
activity that prevails. I found there indeed numerous bars and res- 
taurants, large ball rooms and dancing platforms, a museum, a mov- 
ing-picture exhibit, a “ jungle ” shooting range, riding horses, pleasure 
boats and mechanical velocipedes, a maze, a tennis court, a ground 
for athletic exercises, a very curious panorama representing the city 
of Delhi, an immense wooden structure arranged in the form of an 
amphitheater on the bank of a broad water course representing the 
Jumna, an affluent of the Ganges, on which plies a little steamer for 
“The admissions number about 1,000,000 per year. 
