570 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1914. 
It is easily understood how dangerous and mystifying such an aver- 
age index may be, if the material is composed of individuals from at 
least two different groups, as it manifestly is. 
I am in possession of 93 skulls from a modern Greek cemetery in 
Adalia; they show about the same distribution of indices. 
Long before the rediscovery of Mendel and his laws I tried to study 
the heredity of the cephalic index in the Greek families of Adalia. 
Here, in the old capital of Pamphylia, there is a large Greek colony, 
ces in a series of 179 adult male Greeks, 
cephalic 
and as I had by good chance been able to give medical help to some 
of the influential members, I was. permitted to measure parents, 
children and other relations in 67 families. The results were striking. 
I published a short abstract of them in 1889, in the Reisen in Lykien, 
and in 1890 in my paper on the Tahtadji. 
There was a family A; the father had an index of 87, the mother 
of 73; of the two sons, the elder had an index of 70, the younger 87. 
In another family, B, the brother of the dead father had an index 
of 70, the mother 86, a son 82, a daughter 75. In a third family, 
©, both parents were brachycephalic, with indices of 85 and 86. 
Of their five children, only the youngest daughter was short 
headed, with an index of 86, and four elder brothers had long heads 
with 72, 73, 75, and 73, respectively; 74 was the index of a brother 
of the mother. 
