- 654 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION, 1914. 
heddle will be raised and the second, third, and fourth heddles will 
sink, thus making the required shed. 
These are typical shedding motions. AIl other motions are based 
on one kind or the other of these types, each kind having its advan- 
tages for certain 
classes of weaving. 
T have already 
-pointed out that 
such patterns as 
those of figure 37, 
woven of single 
threads, require the 
thread itself to be 
coarse in sizein 
order to show as de- 
signs. But such de- 
signs, woven in fine 
(ASE SS 5 silk, although indis- 
L = =e Ses 2... tinguishable as or- 
WD Tail 4; aN cll ee nament, have a 
marked effect on the 
€) EL Cayguy ty iy ip Caan MO NOR t 
VECUKU OREO TOUCOLU DURE aDeUeULY 
a A AA AAA Al 
appearance of the 
ae5e texture of the web. 
oF ee The Chinese early 
ay =f OLY Y discovered this fact, 
cit and it was for their 
123 various. beautiful 
‘il {= and rich textures 
that the woven silks 
of China were so 
much prized in clas- 
sic times. 
Figure 40 repre- 
AYP. sents the back and 
Ml front surfaces of a 
square of silk tex- 
tile, which might 
have been woven in ancient China on a loom fitted up as I have 
described. It would require 16 heddles and 16 treadles to weave it, 
and the threads are so fine and lie so closely that the whole piece 
shown would be only the one-thousandth part of a square inch in size. 
Looking at the lower square, which is the front of the material, it 
will be seen that the surface is nearly all warp, and that the inter- 
sections of the weft only occur at intervals of 16 spaces each way. In 
rag ‘ BLL 
ct ae 
OA ‘| 
WV) = gee HA 
as3 SALA 
mi Hy Va 
gs rh} 
Bo wa OB: ree LT RAA TAA 
hf, Wl AR" At hop 1G (iA Prd Mu SNN ye) wg yp HR) 
Fra. 40.—Satin cloth (much enlarged). 
