LOOM AND SPINDLE—-HOOPER. 675 
Having settled on a general form suitable for the power loom, 
inventors next directed their attention to strengthening it and per- 
fecting, as far as they could, its various parts. Take-up motions, 
contrivances for detecting broken threads, quickly stopping the loom, 
throwing the shuttle, etc., occupied their attention, and the loom 
became more and more accurate 
in its different performances as 
time went on. 
Iron took the place of wood 
all through the machine and 
the loom, actuated by steam 
power, has by now become, ex- 
cept in the matter of working SS 
the shuttle, a very perfect auto- \ 
matic machine. 
Figure 62 (pl. 11) isa modern steam machine loom for weaving silk. 
You will notice at once how the levers for driving the shuttle, and the 
shuttle boxes, have increased in size and strength. It was found that 
in order to catch the shuttle and prevent it rebounding its entry into 
the opposite box had to be resisted. This rendered it necessary that 
the shuttle itself should be enormously increased in weight, and that 
_ Fic. 58.—Dr. Cartwright’s machine loom, 
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Fic. 59.—Horrocks’s machine loom. Fic. 60.—Almond’s ioom. 
great force should be used in driving it. Half the power expended 
in actuating the machine loom is required thus to drive the shuttle 
into the opposite opposing box. 
The addition and adaptation of the Jacquard machine to the power 
loom was not attempted till late in the nineteenth century, but when 
that was done the loom had arrived at the point of development at 
which we find it to-day. Te. 
Sem yoe 
