CHINESE ARCHITECTURE—BOERSCHMANN. 565 
of the axis have lively modeled carved dragons coiled around them 
that reach out toward the main axis with the sanctuary in the center 
(fig. 6). 
The river flows by steep cliffs opposite the southeast of the city, 
where it is surmounted by the pagoda of the city. It is a rule in 
China to have a tower in the southeast of the city, either on the city 
wall or without in its outskirts, for Kueihsing, the god of literature, 
who dwells in the sky in the constellation of the Great Bear. In 
Shansi these detached towers are to be seen near every town and 
village and have often a pleasing and a varied form. In Kiatingfu 
there are many other features that are supposed to guarantee sanctity 
Fie. 6.—-Ground plan of temple at Kiatingfu. 
and peace to the city besides the pagoda. Among these there are 
a great many images of Buddhas carved on the cliffs opposite the 
city, one of these standing, is 6 meters high, another gigantic image 
sitting is 30 meters high. Besides hallowed caves, filled with gods, 
ancient temples, and great stones carved with the holy trigrams as 
previously described. The embalmed and gilded mummy of a high 
priest sits in one of the temples, and there are temples for the poet 
Su Tung-po and others. Sanctity is thus concentrated in what is 
conceived to be the proper place southeast of the city. From the 
opposite side the great temple of the “Ancient of the mountain” 
looks down, while another pagoda in the city holds the balance 
