igii] Canadian Coal Resources. loi 



in Europe from the chalk cliffs of this formation) the rocks of which 

 (shales and sandstones) form the prairies of the west. Three distinct 

 land intervals are marked in this age by coal deposits. The first at the 

 beginning furnishes the steam coals of the Rocky Mountains and vi- 

 cinity, and other areas in British Columbia. The second, the coals of 

 the Lethbridge area in Alberta and possibly those of Vancouver Island, 

 and the third the greater areas of the plains producing all grades of 

 lignite. Tertiary coals later than the Cretaceous occur in British Col- 

 umbia and in Alberta. Last of all during the closing portion of the 

 Glacial Period, peat bogs and forests were covered by the advancing 

 ice and finally left with a burden of boulder clay which preserved the 

 material. In places it is in mineable quantities of brown lignite. An 

 example of this last coal formation is to be found in Northern Ontario 

 on the James Bay slope. Many of the areas in the remote parts especi- 

 ally in the north are but little known and their extent is estimated from 

 the general knowledge which we have of the distribution of the contain- 

 ing rocks or formations. 



A summary estimate of the amount of coal with area and character 

 is appended. 



COAL AREAS IN CANADA. 



Provisional Estimate. 



Province or District Square Miles Anthracite Bituminous Lignit* Total 



Yukon 400 9 mill. 32 mill. 850 mill. 891 mill. 



Arctic Islands 6,000 3,840 " 3,840 " 



Mackenzie 400 1,000 " 1,000 " 



British Columbia 1,123 20 " 38,642 " 414 " 39,076 " 



Alberta 16,786 400 " 35,780 " 65,002 " 101,182 " 



Saskatchewan 7,500 20,000 " 20,000 " 



Manitoba 48 330 " 330 " 



Ontario 10 25 " 25 " 



New Brunswick 112 155 " 155 " 



Nova Scotia 992 6,250 " 6,250 " 



33,371 429 mill. 84,699 mill. 87,621 mill. 172,749 mill. 



DETAILS. 

 Yukon, 



Million Tons 

 Anthracite Bituminous Lignite 



North east of Dawson 300 square miles at 4 feet coal 750 



Tantalus areas 10 square miles at 5 feet coal 32 



White Horse and Vicinity. . 3 square miles, various 9 



Pelly river areas 50 unexplored possibly 50 



Liard river areas 50 unexplored possibly 60 



400 sq. miles maximum 9 32 850 



Arctic Islands; 



Exposures of cannel coal are noted by many of the Arctic explorers. 

 Although not available at present, this coal forms an asset. The beds 



