1912] Industrial Research in Canada 235 



to his problem and what he is willing to pay for investigation for two or 

 three years. The professor has sole choice of his experts. As a matter 

 of fact three of the Pittsburgh experts are from Toronto University, and 

 the remainder are graduates of various Universities. If a discovery is 

 made it is the sole property for three years of the manufacturer contri- 

 buting to it. At the end of three years it is the property of the public. 

 The experimenter has a share in the profit, but Professor Duncan has 

 none. The most important questions taken up in Pittsburgh Laboratory 

 are Baking, Smoke Nuisance, Glass perfection, Soap making, Glue, 

 Orange Culls, Crude Petroleum, ($10,000 a year for two years and bonus), 

 Cement, Natural gas, etc. 



The advantages of this system as stated by Professor Duncan are: 



1. A great advantage to the Industrialist. 



2. The general elevation of Industry by introducing experts into 

 factories (much after the fashion in Germany.) 



3. The co-operation of a large expert staff in which personal integ- 

 rity is the sine qua non to election to these fellowships. Thus is con- 

 stituted a fraternity of mutual helpfulness. 



4. A remarkable effect upon the Industrialists, interested in ele- 

 vating and widening their aims and projects. 



5. A most important effect on the University concerned, in their 

 relation to the Industrial communities. 



Gentlemen of the Canadian Institute, Research is a practical sub- 

 ject. It is no dream or visionary fad. I have endeavored to describe 

 it in its different phases. If Canadian Manufacturers are to succeed, 

 this cannot be done by artificial bolstering up, or sleight of hand, or in- 

 dustrial cornering, or anything else except plain, intelligent hard work. 

 I have pointed out how success may be obtained. It can only be done 

 by Governments — Dominion, Local, and Municipal co-operating heartily 

 in advancing Technical Education, by the co-operative association of 

 Universities and Technical Schools, and it can be greatly assisted by the 

 shrewd but interested support in co-operative plans of the Canadian 

 Manufacturers. Besides, all these may be mightily stimulated by the 

 gifts of rich and generous Canadians — and I am further sure that the 

 Local Governments will pardon us if we should advise the wealthy men 

 to take steps to escape the Legacy Tax by giving hundreds of thousands 

 of dollars while they are still living, that they may see the fruit of their 

 labours. 



