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On the Distinetion between the genera Axinella, 
Phakellia, Acanthella a. o. 
By 
Dr. @. €. J. Vosmaer, 
Prof. at the University of Leyden. 
With Plate 15—16. 
There exists a hopeless confusion between “species” of the genera 
Azxinella, Phakellia, Raspailia, Acanthella and some others, as will be 
at once clear by the following facts. 
SCHMIDT suggested (1866, p. 15) that Halichondria ventilabrum of 
JOHNSToN, to which BOwERBANK had given the name Phakellia venti- 
labrum, might be included in his genus Azwinella. Isodietya donnani 
Bwe. is called by Denopy (1887«, p. 158): Azxinella donnani; but 
in 1905 the same author calls the sponge Phakellia donnani, adding 
(p. 191): “if indeed the distinction between these two genera (Viz. 
Azxinella and Phakellia) is to be maintained”. Phakellia egregia Dy. 
is called Azinella egregia by Torsent (1890, p. 27). 
Speaking about Azinella proliferans RınLey writes (1884, p. 619): 
“In general habit it resembles Acanthella rather than Awinella, but 
wants the long undulating cylindrical spicule hitherto found in species 
of that genus; it appears doubtful whether the existence of such 
species as this should not induce us to unite the two genera.” 
Acanthella flabelliformis of KELLER is considered by Denpy (1905, 
p- 194) as a connecting link between the genera Acanthella and 
Phakellia. 
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