296 TRANSACTIONS OF THE CANADIAN INSTITUTE. [VoL. VI. 
Dominion Day and other Canadian national holidays, with their 
celebrations and pastimes take the place of the Sun-dance and Dog- 
feast. 
It is thus that civilization with its comforts and pleasures advances. 
The meadow and the waving grain attract as did formerly the hunting 
field. Gitchi-Manitou flees into the darkness of the past before the 
white man’s God. The consumer becomes the producer, adding an 
important industrial element to the Dominion. 
This is a happy solution of Samson’s riddle: “ Out of the eater came 
forth meat, and out of the strong came forth sweetness.” 
Crowfoot, Esupomusikau, was son of chief Many Names. — His mother 
was a Blood Indian. His name was gained through his intrepidity in 
battle with the Crow Indians, as Seipio was called Africanus after his 
conquests south of the Mediterranean.(£) 
He led in a famous battle between the Crees and Blackfeet in 1866 at 
Three Ponds, between Red Deer and Battle River, and again at the last 
fight between these tribes a few years, later near the present site of 
Lethbridge. His loyalty was tried but firm. In 1875 Sitting Bull and 
ten of his chiefs, who had destroyed Custer and his command, visited 
Crowfoot,but he declined to negotiate with them. He refused overtures 
from Riel when he proposed to capture the North-West for the Indians 
and the Metis. 
“He was,” writes the author of “ Canadian Savage Folk,” “a noble red 
man, worthy the respect and grief of a great nation, which delighted to 
honour him in life and now holds dear his memory.” 
Crowfoot was a noble looking man, tall and straight, with the eye of 
an eagle, and born to command. When he rode or walked abroad he 
was escorted by his retinue of headmen, and when in Council his coat of 
deer-skin and beadwork, his leg gear and moccasins were gorgeous in- 
deed. Warned of the coming of the railway and of the white man’s 
vices by good Father Lacombe, he ordered his people to keep to their 
reserves, and they are, as we have seen, still orderly and progressive. 
The author of “The Making of the Canadian West,” refers to Crowfoot 
as “the redoubtable chief who promised to be loyal and kept his word. 
A stern, stoical man whose will was law for his tribe, and whose consistent 
loyalty was of great value to Canada during that troublous time.” 
(2) ‘Canadian Savage Folk,” by John McLean, Ph.D., p. 375, ‘‘ Dominion Report on Indian Affairs,” 
1892, X XIX. 
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