586 TRANSACTIONS OF THE CANADIAN INSTITUTE. [VoL. VI. 
3. Dorsal interossei. 
and in the foot occasionally 
4. Abductor ossis metatarsi minimi digiti. 
Intermediate layer. 
deep head. 
superficial head. 
— 
. Flexor brevis pollicis | 
iS) 
. Flexor brevis minimi digiti. 
3. Plantar interossei. 
4. Opponens. 
Palmar layer. 
Adductor Pollicis fobliquus. 
transversus. 
We can now readily establish homologies for the hand and foot, and 
we may construct a table thus : 
Fléxor-brevis spollieiS; jccay vsite¢ sciosare Flexor brevis hallucis 
(a) Radial head (z) Tibial head 
(46) Ulnar head (6) Fibular head 
Flexor brevis minimi digiti............ Flexor brevis minimi digiti 
Albductor pollicis reese elses Abductor hallucis 
Abductorminimi-digitts .- an5 i 0.2 Ales Abductor minimi digiti 
© pponensi pollicis Macepeseee sect tee Opponens hallucts 
Opponens minimidigiti(-= 6c: eel Opponens minimi digiti 
Adductor obliquus pollicis............ Adductor obliquus hallucis 
Adductor transversus pollicis......... Adductor transversus hallucis 
Interossei (Palmar and Dorsal)........ Interossei (Plantar and Dorsal). 
Homologies are thus established for the limb muscles, as has been 
done also for the skeletal parts; one may add that an attempt is also 
made to establish homologies for the nerves (vzde Quain, Vol. IIL., Pt. 3, p. 
384). We shall not, however, attempt to discuss the homologies of the 
nerves in this paper. Whilst we can thus establish homologies between 
the structural elements of the hand and foct, we yet observe certain 
anatomical differences due, we consider, to modification from a common 
type of origin. The foot of man is modified as an organ for support, 
whilst the hand of man, in the erect attitude of the individual, is left free 
to minister to his varied needs. There can be little doubt concerning 
the correctness of the view that these two extremities are derived from 
a common type and that the differences observable between the hand 
and the foot are due to modification resulting in departure from the 
