236 DRY AND MESOPHYTIC FOREST COMMUNITIES 
best to treat all phases together, simply” mentioning the points of 
difference. 
a) Subterranean-ground stratum.—Earthworms, borers in the roots of 
trees, and cicada nymphs are numerous. The wolf, groundhog, and 
the red fox (Vulpes fulvus Des.) nest in burrows. The latter brings 
forth from four to nine pups in early spring. 
Consocies of the under side of leaves and wood: The camel cricket 
A Mesopuytic FOREST 
Fic. 21<.—General view of the Higginbotham woods near New Lenox. Woods 
ro) gs 
of the flood-plain oak-hickory type. 
(Ceuthophilus) (Fig. 216), young cockroaches, the short-winged grouse 
locust (Tettigidea pennata Morse), and the yellow-margined millipede 
(Fontaria corrugate) (Fig. 218) are most characteristic under the leaves. 
The large round millipede (Spirobolus marginatus) (Fig. 217) is common. 
Snails and slugs are numerous, several species (Polygyra pennsylvanica 
[Fig. 219], P. profunda [Fig. 220], Zonitoides arboreus, Pyramidula alter- 
nata [Fig. 221], Pyramidula solitaria [Fig. 222], Agriolimax campestris 
