268 THICKET COMMUNITIES 
The dogwood is fed upon by a few larvae. The unicorn larva 
(Schizura sp.) is occasionally found; the young of the spittle insect 
(A phrophora 4-notata) are common. ‘The grape and Virginia creeper are 
attacked by several sphinx larvae. The grapevine hog caterpillar 
(Ampelophagus myron Cram.) has been taken from the former. 
Nesting in the shrubs are the goldfinch (more often in trees), the 
indigo bunting, the northern yellowthroat, the brown thrasher, and 
catbird, all of which feed in the 
low prairie. The song sparrow 
nests near the ground. 
b) The belt of prickly ash.— 
This has not been so thoroughly 
studied. The subterranean and 
ground strata are similar to 
those of the forest adjoining (see 
267 
\ 5 pan 
@\\\~ 
Fic. 266.—The larva of the maia moth (Hemileuca maia) which feeds on the 
willow; natural size (from Lugger after Riley, Div. Ent., U.S. Dept. Agr.). 
Fic. 267.—Bibio albipennis. Early spring on the flowers of the willow. Breeds 
in the ground (from Williston after Washburn). 
p. 269); the ground and field strata have some of the same residents. 
The adult Cresphontes butterfly (Papilio cresphontes) is common about 
the Wolf Lake forest edge and Hancock (40) has recorded the larva on 
prickly ash, one of its regular food plants. He also records the true tree- 
cricket (A pithes agitator Uhl.) as inhabiting prickly ash thickets. 
Ill. HicH Forest MARGIN SuB-FORMATIONS 
(Station 48; Table LXIV) 
This surrounds the oak-hickory, black-oak, and beech forests on high 
ground. The witchhazel, hawthorn, sumac, and grape are the dominant 
shrubs; goldenrod, asters, and sunflowers are the chief herbaceous plants. 
