eT ee == 
1904-5. ] THE GROWTH OF TRINIDAD. 8 147 
EXPLANATION OF THE DIAGRAMS. 
Fig. 1 represents the nascent Parian Range. The Caribean formation is being 
deposited beneath the waters of the ocean. 
Fig. 2 represents the land of the Parian Range elevated 2,500 feet above the sea- 
level. The strata are conformable and unfaulted, but tilted at an angle by upheaval. 
The elevation is supposed to have subsequently attained the height of at least 
5,000 feet, perhaps much more. 
Fig. 3 represents the period when the elevatory movements of the Parian continent 
had ceased and subsidence had given rise to extensive faults in the Caribean formation 
which is here represented as 4,000 feet high. Elevating movements had taken place 
to the south, raising the cretaceo-eocene deposits partly above the level of the sea. 
Fig. 4 represents the island at its greatest elevation in the southern part, when it 
was considerably higher than at present. Depression and denudation have since 
operated to reduce its height. 
Fig. 5 is a profile diagram from west to east along the Parian Range in the north- 
west part of Trinidad, showing how by the great subsidence passing along the axis 
of the Gulf of Paria that gulf and the bocas or mouths leading from the gulf into the 
Caribean Sea have been produced. The line of this profile is shown on the map Fig. 9. 
Figs. 6. 7 and 8 are respectively a cross section plan and longitudinal section of a 
valley near a line of fault showing how the lake-shaped expansions of the upper portions 
of the valleys have been produced. These diagrams are fully described in the text. 
Fig. 9 is a map of the north-western portion of Trinidad, showing the lines of the 
principal dislocations, the line of the profile diagram (Fig. 5), and the valleys with lake- 
shaped expansions in their upper parts. In this map the broken lines or leaders in- 
dicate the probable submarine courses of the principal dislocations. On the shaded 
parts representing land the approximate courses of these dislocations are shown by 
double lines. 
Note.—The Diagrams accompanying this paper are not intended as exact delinea- 
tions of the actual phenomena—such could only be obtained by minute and detailed 
survey. Though for the most part roughly drawn to scale they are intended to be 
diagrammatic only. So taken they are sufficiently accurate representations of the 
facts. It is of course understood that the vertical scale is very greatly exaggerated. 
