154 TRANSACTIONS OF THE CANADIAN INSTITUTE. [Vov. VIII. 
close on 1,000,000 gross tons.® Much of the iron produced is now being 
made into steel® by the Bessemer process. At Sault Ste. Marie there is 
an extensive plant with a capacity of 200,000 tons of ingots and 180,000 
tons of finished products. There, steel rails are being made to the extent 
of 500 tons a day. This company has its own blast furnaces, and under- 
takes all the processes, metallurgical and mechanical, through which the 
metal goes in its conversion fronr ore to finished product. 
At Collingwood, Ontario, the Northern Iron and Steel Company, 
which recently acquired the works of the Cramp Steel Company, have two 
20-ton open hearth furnaces besides rolling mills from which will be turned 
out material suitable for machinists’ and blacksmiths’ use, finished steel 
bars, angles, fish plates, tie plates and small sections such as are used by 
many manufacturers. The Gilchrist Thomas is the process employed, 
a process which allows of ores containing phosphorus, for example, to be 
profitably converted into good uniform steel. The ten inch mill at the 
Collingwood works is equipped with underground tunnels and turtle-backs 
for the purpose of continuous rolling, that is to say, a bar of steel will be 
looped from one pass of the rolls into another pass: thus a mill of this 
description is enabled to roll rods and long bars. The furnaces are of the 
latest standard design, having air cooled end blocks and slag pockets with 
the regenerators under the charging platform, which is of steel and con- 
crete.’ Recently the sompany has begun to convert, by ‘‘cold-drawing,”’ 
steel bars into wire of various gauges. 
The Canada Iron Furnace Company has its principal plant at Midland, 
Ontario, besides several other smaller establishments in various parts of 
Quebec. The Midland furnace was erected during 1899-1900 on a property 
about 100 acres in extent, situated on the north shore of the Midland Bay. 
The furnace proper has a capacity of from 120 to 140 tons a day of ‘‘Mid- 
land Brand”’ Foundry Malleable Bessemer and Bessemer Pig Iron, and is 
marketed almost entirely in Ontario. The raw materials used are coke, 
iron ores and limestone. The coke is obtained from the Connellsville dis- 
trict in Pennsylvania, and is brought in by rail. The iron ores are brought 
in by vessel from Canadian and United States ports on Lake Superior and 
also Lake Michigan. The limestone is obtained from the company’s own 
quarry, which is about 130 acres in extent, situated about three milles 
from the furnace. This material is brought to the furnace by scows in the 
summer and by teams in the winter.® 
Ss (5) Inaletter from Mr. T. W. Gibson, Director of the Ontario Bureau of Mines, the following figures 
are given for 1903: 
Pip lron produced)in-OntanOn- ac tel s cteeke ee see ee epee eee 87,004 tons. 
Steel a Stl ite ae ee A oes AE state ch: 15229 
Pig Iron 2 Canadat phe tts. on or tee Caner Cn one 265,418 ‘ 
Stee a Re en ee pein 2A ed, A 20a Ee ee cee a 232641) 
(6) Dominion bounty on steel, $3 per ton; $2 per ton on steel from foreign ores. 
(7) Letter from Mr. J. A. Currie. 
(8) Letter from Mr. A. C. Adams, Midland. 
