1904-5.] THE CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES OF THE DOMINION. 157 
but notably in the Sudbury region, Ontario, where it occurs with nickel. 
The production of copper, other than the native copper near Lake Superior, 
is dependent for the most part on that of this latter metal. 
The British Columbia Copper Company is now turning out about seven 
million (7,000,000) pounds of copper a year and has an excellent converter 
plant at its mine. This copper is produced at a cost of about 94 cents a 
pound. The product from the converter is blister copper and is sent 
to New York to the Nicholls Chemical Company to be refined. The Mon- 
treal and Boston Copper Company is now producing about 3,000,000 pounds 
of copper and is selling its matte to the British Columbia Company. The 
Granby Company is producing about 15,000,000 pounds of copper a year, 
at a cost of around 94 cents, laid down in new York."! 
Some idea of the advances made in the production of copper matte 
may be had from the fact that in 1893 the production amounted to 8,000,- 
ooo pounds, while 1903 showed an output of 43,000,000 pounds.!! ™*- 
Mr. A. P. Turner of the Canadian Copper Company at Copper Cliff, 
Ontario, has furnished some interesting particulars regarding the pro- 
duction of copper as carried on at the works of this company, which con- . 
trols about 20,000 acres of mineral lands in the nickel district extending 
from Garson Township in the District of Nipissing, south-west to Drury 
Township in the District of Algoma, in the Province of Ontario. The 
company began operations in 1887, and at present is mining and smelting 
about 700 tons of ore perday. ‘The ore isa mixture of nickeliferous pyrrho- 
tite, pentlandite, chalcopyrite and diorite. The nickel in this pyrrhotite 
replaces about two to four percent. of the iron. Copper occurs in the form 
of copper pyrites. The ore contains no arsenic or antimony, but small 
traces of gold, platinum and palladium. An average assay of the different 
mines is about two per cent. copper and four per cent. nickel. 
The company has designed and just finished at Copper Cliff, a new 
smelting and power plant, in which are combined the latest and best im- 
provements in the smelting world. There are larger plants, but it is doubt- 
ful if there is another in which are assembled so many up-to-date conven- 
iences for every part of the work. 
NICKEL. 
The first discovery of nickeliferous deposits was made in 1883 near 
Sudbury, in the district of Algoma, Ontario. Previous to the discovery 
of nickel in this country, the French colony at New Caledonia practically 
(11) Letter from Mr. F. P. Clappison. 
(11 bis.) Statistical Year Book, 1903. 
