252 TRANSACTIONS OF THE CANADIAN INSTITUTE. [Vo. VIII. 
excessive amount. ‘The presence of fat within the cells of a spring frog 
may be explained in an altogether different manner. If one kills such a 
frog, fixes a portion of the intestine in 10 per cent. formalin for twenty- 
four to forty-eight hours, then places it in 5 per cent. chloral hydrate 
over night, and afterwards in scarlet red solution en masse for another 
eight to twelve hours, washing in water for a few seconds and teasing the 
material in glycerine furnishes a preparation which is conclusive. The 
whole epithelial cell is more or less filled with fat droplets like those found 
in the epithelium of a fat-fed guinea pig. One never, however, sees the fat 
in the nucleus or in the striated border in such an instance. The same 
is true of a starving Necturus (Fig. 17). Moreover the presence of fat: 
droplets during the starving period is quite general as the cytoplasm of the 
liver cells is more or less filled with them while their nuclei give no evidence 
of their presence. Fat is likewise abundant in the epithe ium of the 
renal tubules. 
From this it may be concluded that the fat which Schafer found in 
the intestinal epithelium of the spring frog was, in great part, that which 
is normally present under such conditions. I have not had an opportunity 
of making observations on November frogs, but feel certain that if such 
were fed olive oil there would be no difficulty whatever in demonstrating 
fat in the epithelium. Schafer used lard in his investigation, which on 
account of its comparatively high melting point is unsuited to cold blooded 
animals. As I shall show further on, when winter frogs are fed olive oil for 
several days it is possible to demonstrate minute fat drops in the striated 
border (Fig. 16). 
VII.—PASSAGE OF Fat INTO THE LACTEAL. 
Heidenhain offers no explanation as to how the fat goes through the 
lacteal wall, but says that the fat does not attain a finely divided condi- 
tion until it gets to the central chyle vessel. This is supported by my 
own observations. That the fat doés not necessarily remain as very 
minute droplets is equally certain (Figs. 2 and 10) for one can frequently 
see large globules forming in the lacteal from the minute fat droplets as they 
have penetrated the wall. Fig. 8 illustrates the manner in which the fat 
penetrates the lacteal wall. The representation is from the side of a 
villus and one can see minute fat droplets on either side of the wall and in 
some instances delicate streams of fat going through. In many cases 
these mintite droplets after entering coalesce into larger fat droplets or 
spherules. It may then be concluded that the fat penetrates the lacteal 
wall as very minute droplets of particles through numerous stomata in its 
