266 TRANSACTIONS OF THE CANADIAN INSTITUTE. [VoL. VIII. 
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that stand out in the grounds. Scarred and hacked they may be, climbed 
upon and ruthlessly treated, but their image remains longer in association 
than any other; and I deem it a beautiful custom, the planting-of such a 
tree on some event in connection with history, or guest, or teacher or 
scholar, as every year adds interest to its history. It becomes a thing of 
life around which many associations gather and some, nay many, of the 
tenderest nature. 
Trees are divided by sylvicuiturists into two classes, light-loving trees 
and those preferring shade. Of the former the most prominent are oaks, 
English Oak. 
birches, aspens and of the latter are beeches, maples, hemlocks, ete. 
Between these two types constant warfare is going on and though no 
sound is heard in the forest as booming of cannon or dropping of shells, 
still a persistent warfare is raging in which the shade-loving trees are 
finally the victors. Silently, but relentlessly they pursue their even 
steady growth. The beech and hemlock thrive in the shade and finally 
drive out the others. Nature has provided always some expeditious 
method of propagating all species, and none in a more prolific manner 
than elms and maples. In cities the variety of elm known as Wych elm 
is voted a nuisance. Our native white elm is not so prolific and is there- 
fore most suited for street and park planting. 
As they ripen their seed in June it is gathered by the growers when 
ripe and sown immediately when it grows and reaches a foot high the same 
