1906-7. Do We NEED « FORESTRY COLLEGE? 301 
State and its lessee, the lumberman, may prevail. With security of tenure 
the lumberman would be equally interested with the State in conservative 
lumbering, and could afford to accept cutting regulations to that end. 
If, however, the lumbermen will not employ foresters, and thus 
enable them to prove their usefulness, how are they to be convinced, 
may well be asked. 
I have previously stated that our forest lands were controlled partly 
by the lumbermen as lessees, and partly by the State. By far the greater 
part of our forest lands are held by the State free from license to the 
lumbermen. Much of this territory does not contain presently merchant- 
able timber, but a very large area does, and I submit that the first large 
employer of properly trained foresters and forestry students should be 
the State. Under the Forest Reserves Act of 1898, over ten million 
acres of forested lands, unsuited for agriculture, have been set aside as 
permanent forest reserves. These reserves will doubtless be added 
to from time to time as the unfitness for agriculture of other areas is prov- 
en. I have elsewhere expressed the opinion that no less than forty mil- 
lions of acres of similar non-agricultural land in Ontario should be placed 
in reserves. 
The reserves so far created contain a very large quantity of stand- 
ing timber, thousands of millions of feet, some of it not yet fit to cut, 
some of it already over-mature and past its prime. Except in the case 
of two small reserves of cut-over land, no pine timber has been sold in 
these reserves, and no policy for their exploitation adopted by the Gov- 
ernment. Aside from patrolling them in the dangerous months for fire 
protection, no work has been done upon them. 
In one of these, the Temagami reserve, important discoveries of 
minerals have recently been made; there will be a large number of mining 
prospectors travelling it this season, and it is probable that some definite 
policy governing mining development and protecting the State’s interest 
in the timber will be adopted in the near future. The Legislature has 
just voted $5,oo0 for ‘‘estimating’”’ the Temagami reserve. This I 
take to be for the purpose of beginning the systematic examination of 
the reserve, and I presume will include not merely an estimate of the 
merchantable pine, but a general topographical survey and an estimate 
of the various kinds and quantities of timber in order that working plans 
for the systematic handling of this forest for a long term of years may be 
prepared. To do this work trained foresters will be needed, and they 
do not seem to be at present available. 
Aside altogether from the forest reserves, the Government has an 
