8 C. M. Cooke, Jr.—Vhe Hawaiian Hepatice 
Indian species they are simple or rarely pinnate ; the cortical cells 
of the latter species are longer, narrower and with much thicker 
cell-walls, the leaves are not as closely appressed to stem, and those 
of the main stem are smaller with much smaller cells and thicker cell- 
walls, the leaves of the branches are larger and much more deeply 
lobed and their lobes are longer with much smaller cells. These 
differences hold also in the underleaves. In general appearance the 
two plants differ so that they can easily be distinguished by the 
naked eye, Z. Sandvicensis being more robust and the stems appear- 
ing smooth. In ZL. commutata the plants are slender and the 
branches are rough, this appearance being due to the slightly 
spreading leaves. 
Lepidozia Hawaica sp. nov. 
Puate II; ricgures 13-24. 
Dioicous: plants green, densely cxspitose or scattered among 
mosses and other hepatic : stems light green, pinnately branched, 
branches blunt or sometimes attenuated and flagelliform; stems about 
4 cells in diameter, the internal cells with uniformly thin céll-walls, 
the cortical cells (in about 9 longitudinal cell-rows) with much thick- 
ened walls, the outer wall convex, giving the stem a fluted appear- 
ance; flagella scattered, postical with minute and closely appressed 
leaves; rhizoids wanting or found in small clusters of 2 to 4, at the 
base of the underleaves of the flagella or of the attenuated branches: 
leaves of main stem distant or subimbricated, transversely inserted, 
convex, suberect or slightly spreading, deeply 3-parted (rarely 
4-parted) to within one or two cells of the base; base 4 or 5 cells 
broad ; lobes spreading or parallel, often decurved, narrowly subu- 
late, 1 or 2 cells broad, 3 to 5 cells long, with acute or obtuse sinuses; 
leaves of branches bi- or tri-parted, agreeing in other characteristics 
with the leaves of the stems: underleaves bipartite to within one 
cell of the base ; base 2 to 4 cells broad, lobes most often parallel, 
narrowly subulate, 1 to 2 cells broad, about 4 cells long with obtuse 
sinuses: leaf subtending a branch subulate, 1 or 2 cells broad, about 
4 cells long: leaf-cells subquadrate, with uniformly slightly thickened 
walls: 2 inflorescence borne on a very short postical branch; bracts 
in 3 to 5 pairs; innermost bracts ovate, bifid about one-third, the 
upper portion ciliate or dentate; teeth 1 to 3 cells long, lobes 
generally divided, divisions subulate, 4 to 7 cells broad at base, 
about 9 cells long, ending in a row of three or more cells, cell-walls 
thin, apex of the end-cell usually verruculose ; innermost bracteole 
