A. E. Verrill—The Bermuda Islands; Geology. 115 
14 miles from the shore, and about south from the southwestern end 
of the Main Island. 
The somewhat submerged reef or “ flats” of the outer barrier are 
usually from one-fourth to a mile wide and very irregular in outline; 
in some places they may be over two miles wide. The great northern 
“Ledge Flats” are eight and a half miles long, from the cut west of 
North Rocks to Blue Cut, and from one to two miles wide. he 
“Kast Ledge Flat” is over seven miles long, with no important 
interruption, and seldom more than half a mile wide. Many of the 
others are as large as Somerset Island or St. George’s Island. 
Figure 22.—Pulpit Rock, Ireland Island, showing characteristic, irregular, sand- 
drift stratification above ; the lower part is undercut, infiltrated, and roughly 
eroded. 
Among the most important “breakers” are “ Mills Breaker,” north 
of the eastern end of St. George’s; “Great Breaker,” east of North 
Rocks; and the breakers or flats around North Rocks, which are 
bare in places at low tide (fig. 24). 
North Rocks (figs. 23, 31, 33) consist of a small group of pinna- 
cles, the higher ones showing at high tide. They stand on one of 
those flat reefs that is partly laid bare by the tide, and are the only 
rocks that project above the general level of the outer reefs. The 
largest is only about 14 or 15 feet high, above low tide, and about 
