190 A. E. Verrill— The Bermuda Islands; Geology. 
of foraminifera and small marine shells, such as we now dredge up 
from the depths of 3 to 5 fathoms, indicates that after deposition 
these beds may have been raised 20 to 30 feet or more, above their 
previous level. Moreover, the occurrence of hard limestones con- 
taining marine shells in the excavation for the dry dock (p. 177, 
fig. 58), and in the deepening of the harbor channels, at depths of 
16 to 30 feet, indicates that such beds have at one time been elevated 
above the sea and subsequently subsided, for the loose materials 
apparently do not consolidate here except above low-tide level, where 
more or less exposed to the air (see p. 21). These facts go to 
show that a second period of subsidence, perhaps of 20 to 35 feet, 
followed the emergence of the Devonshire marine limestones. In 
that case, the changes in physical conditions and vegetation must 
have been considerable at that time, and doubtless enough to exter- 
minate many species. 
It is possible that the unusually thick layer of red clay that has 
been found to underlie the city of Hamilton and adjacent districts 
may eventually be found to mark best the distinction between the 
Devonshire and Paget periods. It certainly marks a very long 
period of surface decay of the limestone and probably of forest 
growth. In some of the sections it is at least two feet thick. Ina 
boring for the military works at Prospect Hill, it was cut through 
at the depth of 130 feet, and at that point it was about 65 feet above 
sea level. At Hamilton it (or a similar layer) descends nearly to the 
shore. No fossils have been reported from it. 
As it seems desirable to have a definite name to designate those 
limestones known to be newer than the beach deposits of Devonshire 
age, I propose to call them the Paget formation, because they are well 
displayed near Hungry Bay in Paget Parish, where my photographs, 
here reproduced, were made. This may be regarded as a typical 
example of these rocks. See plates xvii-xix. Their physical charac- 
ters have been described above. (See p. 73 and fig. 11.) 
a. Fossil Land Shells (Pulmonata). 
Several of the extinct land shells of the Walsingham period are 
also found in the unconsolidated sands and soft shell limestones 
referred to the Devonshire period. In some cases it is possible that 
they had been weathered out of the older deposits and subsequently 
redeposited with other wind-drifted materials in the later sand-dunes, 
If so, we have at present no means of determining such instances. 
