A. FE. Verrili— The Bermuda Islands; Coral Reefs. 249 
Some of the social actinians (Zoanthacea) form broad encrusting 
colonies, several feet across. One of the most common (Palythoa 
mammillosa) is light ocher-yellow and is often very conspicuous on 
the reefs. 
Aiptasia annulata (Les.) Andres. Ringed Anemone. Figs. 102, 103. Plate 
RONG eel aoe 
Actinia annulata Les., Journ. Philad. Acad. Sci., i, p. 172, 1817. 
Aiptasia annulata Andres. MeMurrich, Actin. Bahama Is., p. 7, pl. i, fig. 1; 
pl. ili, fig. 1, 1889. Duerden, Actinaria around Jamaica, p. 457, 1898. 
Verrill, these Trans., x, p. 556, pl. Ixviii, fig. 3, 1900. Duerden, Actinaria of 
Porto Rico, pp. 355-358, pl. iii, xi, xii, figs. 11, 41, 44, 1902, anatomy. 
This, when full grown, is a large and elegant species, with very 
numerous (often over 200) long, slender, tentacles, covered with 
Haddon, A. C. and Shackleton, Miss Alice M.—Revision of the British Actinie. 
Part ii; the Zoanthe. Sci. Trans. Royal Dubiin Soc., vol. iv, ser. 2, pp. 
609-672, 3 plates, 1891. 
Contains a synopsis of the described genera and species with anatomical 
details of the English species. Enumerates species from Bermuda and West 
Indies. 
Hertwig, R.—Report on the Actinaria. Challenger Exped. Zodl., vol. vi, 1882; 
vol. xxvi, 1888. 
MeMurrich, J. P.—Contribution to Actinology of Bermuda. Proc. Acad. Nat. 
Sci. Philad., xli, 1889, pp. 102-126, pl. vi, vii; reprinted in Heilprin’s The 
Bermuda Islands. 
Actinaria of the Bahama Islands, W. I. Journ. of Morphology, vol. iii, 
pp. 1-74, pl. i-iv, 1889. 
Notes on some Actinians from the Bahama ls. Annals N. York Acad. 
Sci., vol. ix, 1896. 
On some Irregularities in the number of the Directive Mesenteries in the 
Hexactinie. Zoolog. Bulletin, vol. i, pp. 115-122, 1897. 
Discusses (p. 120) the directives of Actinotryx, which has but one pair. 
Report on the Actinaria of the Bahama Expedition of 1893. Bulletin 
Laboratory State Univ. of Lowa, iv, pp. 225-249. 3 plates, 1898. 
The Mesenterial Filaments in Zoanthus sociatus. Zodlogical Bulletin, vol. 
ii, No. 6, 1899. 
Verrill, Addison E.—Descriptions of imperfectly known and new Actinians. 
Parts 1-5 (86 cuts). Amer. Journ, Science, 1898-99. 
Contains descriptions and figures of several Bermuda species. 
Additions to the Fauna of Bermuda. These Trans., vol. x, pp. 555-567, 
1900, 3 plates; vol. xi, pp. 47-52, pl. vi, vii, ix, 1901. 
Zoology of Bermuda, vol. i. Contains the two preceding papers as 
articles 5 and 10. 
Many other works are quoted below in the synonymy. 
