A. E. Verrill—The Bermuda Islands, Coral Reefs. 283 
circle of tentacles, and of the same number. These show as white 
convergent points when the polyps are contracted and enable us to 
ascertain the number of tentacles, even in contraction. In some 
cases one of the directive tentacles was longer and lighter colored 
than the rest, and the corresponding marginal papilla was whiter. 
The disk and tentacles are most frequently ocher-yellow, orange- 
yellow, or buff, usually darker near the tentacles, and mostly marked 
with brown or green radial lines; the whole disk may be tinged 
with green or olive ; lips whitish or pale yellow. The column, 
under the sand, is usually buff, salmon, or ocher-yellow. 
Common on the reefs and in sheltered bays and sounds ; low- 
water to 8 fathoms. 
Protopalythoa Heilprini Verrill. 
Verrill, these Trans., x, p. 560, 1900 (as Parapalythoa by error). 
Gemmaria Riise (Russi by error) McMurrich, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philad., 
1889, p. 124, pl. vii, figs. 7-9 (non Duch. and Mich.). 
This is a much smaller species found in small groups attached to 
stones at North Rocks. Height of column about 25™™ ; diameter, 
in contraction, 5 to 7™™. The column is usually clavate and trans- 
versely wrinkled. Thirty-one pairs of mesenteries were found by 
MeMurrich. The tentacles should, therefore, be about 62. It 
appears to be rare. 
Palythoa mammillosa (Ellis and Sol.), Lamx. Figs. 129, 129a, 130. Pl. xxx, 
fig. La. 
Alcyonium mammillosum Ellis ‘and Solander, Hist. Zodph., p. 179, pl. 1, 
figs. 4, 5, 1786. 
Palythoa mammillosa Lamx., Polyp. Flex., p. 569, pl. xiv, fig. 2, 1816; Edw. 
and H., iii, p. 804; Dana, Zooph. Expl. Exp. 
Corticifera flava Lesueur, op. cit., p. 179, 1817. 
Palythoa flava Duch. and Mich., Corall. Ant., 1860, p. 58.  MeMurrich, 
Actinaria Bahama Is., p. 66. 
? Palythoa caribeorum Duch, and Mich., Corall. Ant., p. 53, 1860. 
Palythoa cinerea Duch. and Mich., Supl. Coral., p. 47, pl. vi, fig. 8, 1866. 
Corticifera lutea Hertwig, Voyage Chall., Zool., xxvi, p. 44, pl. i, fig. 6, 
1888 (non Quoy and G., sp.). 
Corticifera flava MeMurrich, Actinaria Bahama Is., p. 66, 1889. 
Corticifera glareola MeMurrich, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philad., 1889, p. 122; 
also reprint in Heilprin’s Bermuda Is. (non Les. sp.). 
Palythoa mammillosa Duerden, Actinaria of Jamaica, p. 359, pl. xviia, figs. 
7, 8, pl. xix, figs. 1-4, anatomy, 1889. Verrill, Trans. Conn. Acad., vol. 
x, p. 564, pl. Ixviii, fig. 7, 1900. 
