A, FE. Verrili— The Bermuda Islands; Coral Reefs. 291 
rect it cannot represent this species, which has much shorter tenta- 
cles.* 
The only West Indian species of similar size, described by later 
writers as having long slender tentacles, like those represented in 
the plate of Ellis, is Z. nobilis of Duch. and Mich. (Corall., pl. viii, 
fig. 7), which has about 60 long tentacles, their length, as figured, 
exceeding the breadth of the disk, as in the figure of Ellis. The 
polyps are clavate, slender at base, with narrow stolons. If the 
figure is natural size, it is much larger than the species now com- 
monly called socéatus, and it may be identical with the original 
sociatus of Ellis. But the statement that it is natural size may be 
erroneous ; no measurements were given. However, as no recent 
writer has seen a species like Z. nobilis, and the original description 
is too brief and indefinite to be of much value, I have thought it 
best to leave the nomenclature of the present species undisturbed, 
awaiting the rediscovery of Z. nobilis. 
Zoanthus dubius Les. Figures 137, 138. 
Zoanthus dubius Les., op. cit., p. 176, 1817 (non D. and M.). 
Verrill, these Trans., x, p. 562, pl. Ixviii, fig. 3, 1900. 
Zoanthus pulchellus Duerden, op. cit., 1898, p. 460; Jamaican Actinaria, i, 
p. 341, pl. xviia, fig. 3, pl. xviiia, figs. 3, 4 (anatomy), 1898. Not that in 
Actinians of Porto Rico, p. 382, pl. ii, figs. 2, 3 (general), pl. iv, fig. 14 
(anatomy), (non Duch. and Mich. sp.). 
The specimens referred to this species have smaller and shorter 
polyps than the two preceding species,+ seldom exceeding 8 to 12™™ 
in height and 4™™ in diameter of the contracted column. The 
column is usually more or less cylindrical, rarely clavate ; it is com- 
A a 
* The source of this drawing and of those of several West Indian gorgonians 
with expanded polyps, published by Ellis, isnot known. Although they appear 
to have been made from living specimens, it is not absolutely certain that they 
were not drawn from preserved specimens, for some of them have non-retractile 
polyps. However, I will venture to suggest that several of those excellent 
drawings, reproduced in the plates of Ellis, were made from life by Catesby, 
while he was in the Bahamas, where he spent some time drawing the fishes. A 
large part of his collection is known to have gone into the museum of Sloane, 
who was one of his patrons, and the drawings may have gone to him also, Ellis 
is said to have made use of Sloane’s collections, and he may have used his draw- 
ings also. 
+ Lesueur stated that the polyps of his dubia were one-third smaller than 
those of Z. sociata, which it otherwise closely resembled, though it lived ‘‘in 
bunches ” entirely exposed ‘‘in all its parts” to the water; tentacles ‘‘ very 
numerous” ; ‘‘ body cylindric, pedunculated, reddish.” 
