300 A. E. Verrill—The Bermuda Islands; Coral Reefs. 
fathoms deep. It appears to be less common than in the West 
Indies, where it is more often yellow. 
Gorgonia americana Gmelin. 
Gorgonia americana Gmel., Syst. Nat., ed. 13, based on pl. xiv, fig. 3, of 
Ellis and Sol., 1787. 
Gorgonia pinnata (pars) Lamx., Expos. Method., p. 32, pl. 14, fig. 3, after 
Ellis and Sol. (non Linn.). 
Pterogorgia turgida Ehr., Corall., p. 146, 1854. 
Pterogorgia pinnata Dana, Zooph., p. 649, 1846 (non Pallas, sp.). 
Pterogorgia Ellisiana Edw. and H., Corall., iii, p. 168, 1857. 
Pterogorgia americana Verrill, Bull. M. C. Z., i, p. 31, 1864. 
Gorgonia americana and G. turgida Verrill, Crit. Rem., No. 4, p. 424, 1869. 
This is a much less common species than the last, which it some- 
what resembles. The branchlets are not so long, slender and flex- 
ible, and scarcely droop. The branchlets are thicker and more 
terete ; the polyps along the edges of the branchlets are much larger 
than in the last and do not readily retract, so that most of the dried 
specimens are disfigured by the dead extended polyps adhering to 
the outer surface. When the soft parts are entirely removed the 
calicles are relatively large and open, forming two or three rows on 
the edges of the branchlets. Its color is usually pale yellow, some- 
times light purple. It is seldom more than 1.5 to 2 feet high. The 
branchlets are 3 to 4™™ thick. 
This is the species recorded by me from Bermuda in 1864, under 
the name of P. turgida Ehrenberg, which I now consider a synonym. 
It is also found on the West Indian and Florida reefs, but not 
abundantly. 
Gorgonia citrina Esper. Figure 1438. 
Gorgonia citrina Esper, Pflanz., ii, Gorg., p. 129, pl. xxxviii, figs. 1, 2, 1794. 
Edw. and H., iii, p. 171, 1857. 
Gorgonia (Pterogorgia) citrina Dana, Zooph., p. 648, 1846. 
Pterogorgia fasciolaris Ehr., Corall. Roth. M., p. 145, 1834. Dana, op. cit., 
p. 648. 
Pterogorgia sancti-thome Ehr., op. cit., p. 145 (purple var.). 
Xiphigorgia citrina Verrill, Bull. M. C. Z., i, p. 33, 1864. 
? Xiphigorgia americana Duch. and Mich., Supl., p. 118, pl. ii, fig. 6, 1866 
(non Gmel. sp.)=Gorgonia pumila Ver., 1869. 
Gorgonia citrina Kélliker, Icones Histiol., ii, p. 189, 1865. Verrill, Crit, 
Rem., No. 4, p. 42, 1869, and of most later writers. 
This is a small and rather inconspicuous species, seldom more than 
6 inches high. It forms small clusters of rather stiff, flattened, 
