A. E. Verrill—The Bermuda Islands; Coral Reefs. 313 
dry, but black, hard, and rather rigid in the large branches and 
trunk, and flattened at the axils. 
The polyps are brown and relatively large, and so filled with spic- 
ules that they cannot readily contract. Even the tentacles are thus 
stiffened and are often seen incurved in the form of a ball over the 
apertures of the calicles. 
Well grown specimens are often 2 feet or more high. The termi- 
nal branches are usually over half an inch in diameter (12 to 16™™) 
and 4 to 8 inches long. 
It is found in Castle Harbor; The Reach; and other inner waters, 
where there are strong currents, but is more common and larger on 
the outer reefs. 
It is found, also, in the West Indies. 
Euniceopsis grandis Ver. Figures 161-163. Plate xxxiiia. Plate xxxiiis, 
fig. 1, a. Plate xxxvis, fig. 3, spicules. 
Eunicea grandis Verrill, Trans. Conn. Acad., vol. x, p. 570, pl. Ixix, figs. 3, 
da, 1900. 
? Eunicea crassa Edw. and Haime, Corall., i, p. 148 (non Ellis sp.). 
161 
Figure 161.—Huniceopsis grandis, portion of a branch, x 3. 
Figure 162.—The same, section of a branch, showing the axis surrounded by 
numerous longitudinal ducts, x 5. Both drawn by A. H. Verrill. 
This large robust species is similar in size and form to the preced- 
ing, and like it is dark umber-brown or sepia-brown in color while 
living, becoming russet brown, dark brown, or black when dried; the 
inner part of the coenenchyma around the axis is usually purple, due 
to the large, fusiform, purple spicules. 
It can be readily distinguished by its large, slightly mammiform, 
or verruciform calicles, with the aperture terminal and usually 
