316 A. FE. Verrill—The Bermuda Islands; Coral Reefs. 
amount of a black mucus that stains one’s hands and clothes like ink. 
It also discolors a large quantity of alcohol or formol solution. 
When dried it is usually dark umber-brown or black. 
It was taken in “The Reach,” in 8 to 10 feet of water, where 
there was a strong tidal current, and also on the reefs. It is not yet 
known from other waters with certainty. 
It resembles /. lugubris Duch. and Mich. more than any other 
described species, but the latter has the calicles distinctly 8-rayed. 
166 167 168 
Figure 166.—Verrucella grandis ; a, portion of terminal branchlet; 0b, portion 
of a larger branch, both natural size. Phot. A. H. V. 
Figure 167.—The same. Side-view of portion of a branch. 
Figure 168.—The same. Spicules, x170. Drawn by A. H. V. 
I have compared the spicules with those of the type of the latter, 
mounted by Dr. Kolliker. 
Verrucella grandis Verrill. Figures 166, 167, 168. 
Trans. Conn. Acad. Sci., vol. xi, p. 53, pl. xi, figs. 1, 2, 3, 1901. 
This is a large and handsome species, growing in a tree-like form, 
with long and rather slender, sparingly forked, flattened branches, 
having the small verruciform calicles in two or more rows on each 
of the edges, with the sides naked. The axis is nearly rigid, brittle, 
stony or calcareous, and pale dull yellow. 
The cceenenchyma is hard and rather thin, with very small orange- 
colored spicules of various forms (fig. 168), Its color when dried is 
dark ocher-yellow, inclining to orange. 
