342 A, E. Verrill—The Bermuda Islands; Coral Reefs. 
ules, perpendicular to the surface. Internal texture rather compact, 
with irregular canals; thick supporting lines of densely crowded 
spicules run in various directions in the interior. Color, in life, 
orange-red; dull orange-brown when dry. 
Spicules are tylostyles of various sizes, mostly .386 to .48™™ long 
and .008 to .014 in diameter, rarely styles by reduction of the heads; 
the heads are mostly regularly oval, sometimes slightly three-lobed. 
After a long search only a single microsclere was found; it was a 
minute spinispirula of about 14 turns. 
Common on the reefs; perhaps a boring sponge when young. 
Family, Clionide. (P. 334.) 
Heterocliona, gen. nov. Type, Papillina cribraria Sch. 
Sponge massive or goblet-shaped when large, perhaps boring when 
young ; interior very cavernous when dry, supported by irregular 
columns of crowded tylostyles. Cortex thick, tough, smooth, and 
lubricous in life; filled with tylostyles tangentially arranged. Micro- 
scleres few, spirulas or spirasters. Oscules usually grouped in large 
clusters. 
Heterocliona cribraria (Schm.). Plate XXXVD, figs. 2, 3. 
? Papillina eribraria Schm., Spong. Atl. Gieb. 
This massive, cavernous sponge often grows to great size, sometimes 
becoming 2 feet or more in diameter, and over a foot high. The 
upper surface, when large, usually has a large central cup or one 
or more cones, each with a large terminal oscule, 15 to 25™™ in 
diameter; other smaller oscules occur close together, in clusters, over 
the top and border of the sponge. When young (1-2 inches across) 
the form may be cylindrical, capitate, or mushroom-like, with few, 
3-10, oscules, .5-10™™ in diameter, above. The surface is smooth, 
in life, with a tough blackish cortex. 
The interior, when dried, is very cavernous, with large irregular 
cavities partly intercepted by irregular, often curved, broad bands 
and columns of densely packed bundles of spicules. In drying much 
of the soft sarcode often decays and runs out of these cavities. 
The spicules are mostly long, slender, curved tylostyles, with a 
slightly enlarged mostly ovate head; they are about .23 to .34™™ 
long; others of the same size are subtylostyles and styles. In the 
dermal layer they mostly lie tangentially and in radiate groups, with- 
out much order, 
