Coe and Kunkel— California Limbless Lizard. 361 
the blood vessels, forming only shallow alveoli. There is in each 
lung, therefore, when well distended, a central air chamber nearly as 
large as the lung itself. 
The anterior ends of both lungs are placed symmetrically close 
behind and beside the ventricle, the anterior lobe of each projecting 
forward to about the same extent (text-fig. 8). The large lung 
occupies the right side of the body cavity behind the heart and 
extends posteriorly on the dorsal side of the liver, while the esopha- 
gus is situated in a corresponding position on the left side of the 
body cavity. Nevertheless, when the lung is well distended and the 
esophagus empty, the lung actually fills the whole ventral portion 
of the body cavity for some distance behind the heart and thus lies 
ventral to the esophagus. This condition will, perhaps, justify 
Cope’s statement (: 00, pp. 670, 671) that the lung lies ventral to the 
alimentary canal. 
The average length of the right lobe in adult individuals is about 
35™™, and that of the left lobe about 8™™, the comparative size in 
preserved specimens naturally depending largely on the state of 
contraction. In one instance noted the left was but 5™™ long and 
the right 30™™. There is, however, great variation in size in life, 
particularly as regards the rudimentary lung. The length of the 
trachea is about 30™™. 
Cope states (:00, p. 670) that the fusion of the lungs indicates a 
step nearer obliteration of one than occurs in any of the serpentiform 
genera of Teiide, Scincide, or Anguide, where, although reduced 
in size, the left is distinct from the right except at its anterior end. 
IL—Exrrernat ANATOMY AND SKELETON. B. W. KuNKEL. 
Pl. xu, figs. 4-8; Pl. xxi, figs. 9-24; Text-figs. 9-13. 
The external appearance of the limbless, snake-like lizard, Anniella 
pulchra, of California may be described as follows : Body eylindri- 
cal or flattened slightly dorso-ventrally. Head very much depressed, 
slightly broader posteriorly than rest of body and tapering gradually 
to a moderately sharp snout, which has the form of a truncated cone, 
and projects beyond the lower jaw. Body only slightly differen- 
tiated into head and neck. Externally there is no trace of limbs. 
Tail variable in length, being from one tenth to one half the length 
of body from snout to anus, due apparently to injury to this mem- 
ber. In every instance in which the tail was relatively short, it was 
