Coe and Kunkel— California Limbless Lizard. 367 
with four or more rays and usually exhibit one or more foramina. 
Their outlines are irregular. The rays arise from a more or less 
stout base and extend posteriorly (pl. xu, figs. 15-19). 
Skeleton. ; 
Skull.—The skull of Anniella is, in a general way, conical, corre- 
sponding for the most part to the external form of the head ; pos- 
teriorly it extends beyond the differentiated cephalic plates. The 
cranium is broadest at the posterior portion of the fused parietals 
and supraoccipital which encloses the internal ear. Posterior to 
the broadest point the skull is more nearly hemispherical in form. 
The cranium 3s fairly well developed in comparison with the facial 
part of the skull. 
The premaxilla (pl. x11, figs. 4, 5, and 6, pm) is single and bears 
four or five teeth, and has a large median process which extends 
posteriorly and dorsally and separates the two nasals; the palatal 
portion bears posteriorly a slender median spine and two triangular 
processes. The latter are embraced externally by the maxille. 
Each maxilla (ma) bears usually six teeth, which are situated on a 
ledge on the inner side; the facial portion is large; the maxilla is in 
contact with the premaxilla and nasal anteriorly ; the frontal, pre- 
frontal, nasal, and jugal dorsally ; with the supraorbital and ecto- 
pterygoid posteriorly, and with the palatine, ectopterygoid and 
vomer medially. The nasals (7) are rather large and separated 
anteriorly by the median process of the premaxilla. The facial 
portion of the maxilla and a slender process of the frontal lie exter- 
nally. 
The frontals (fr) form a wide entrant angle between the nasals 
posteriorly and, by a very small process, separate the nasals from 
the prefrontals. There is a small foramen on the external margin 
near the posterior end of the suture with the maxilla. Each pre- 
frontal (p) is bounded medially by the frontal and to a slight extent 
by the maxilla, ventrally and posteriorly by the orbit of the eye and 
supraorbital, anteriorly and ventrally by the maxilla. The poste- 
rior end reaches the postfrontal ; the descending process is well 
developed. 
Posterior to the prefrontal is the small postfrontal, which is 
crescentic in shape and is situated laterally to the frontal and 
parietal, the concave border fitting over the angle formed by the 
frontal and parietal at the coronal suture. The postorbital is very 
small and scale-like, attached to the outer and posterior aspect of 
