358 ANNUAL REPORT SMITHSOlSriAN INSTITUTION, 1917. 



vus tarandus^ associated with Mousterian implements. The division 

 between this bed and the preceding beds with the warm fauna is very 

 marked, e. g., at Chelles itself, cemented sands and gravels some 

 meters above the level of the Marne containing E. antiquus and Chel- 

 lean implements are overlain with an eroded junction by loose peb- 

 bles of the low terrace with E. primigenius and Mousterian imple- 

 ments. 



To the interglacial between the high and low terraces must be at- 

 tributed the tufa beds, 15 meters thick, on the banks of the Seine at 

 Celle-sous-Moret, resting on alluvium with Elephas antiquus. The 

 lower and middle part of the tufa bed contains besides willow, birch, 

 poplar, etc., leaves of Laurus nohllis, Ficus caHca, Cercis siliqua- 

 strum (judsea tree) and Buxus sempervircTis, indicating a climate 

 milder than the present; this part contains Chellean implements. 

 The upper part of the tufa contains only local plants, with Acheulian 

 implements; it is overlain not by gravels of the low terrace, but by 

 the loess-loam which overlies those gravels. 



Final confirmation of the correlation of the high and low terraces 

 of the Seine with the first and second glaciations of north Germany 

 is given by the Mollusca, for at Cergy near Pontoise, in sands and 

 gravels with Elephas antiqims and Chellean implements, occurs a 

 fauna including Corbicula fiuminali.s, Belgrandia gibha^ and 

 Bithynia tentaculata., while fuminaUs has also been found near 

 Abbeville associated with Chellean implements and the typical 

 Chelles fauna. 



The later stages of the glacial period in the Paris Basin arelniown 

 only from the cave deposits of the Cure and Yonne Valleys (129). 

 These contain three archeological horizons, separated in two of the 

 caves by flood loams of the Cure. The lowest horizon contains 

 Acheulian and Mousterian implements with remains of Elephas 

 jjrimlgenius, Bison, Cervus taraiulus, C. elephas, Rhinoceros, Felis 

 spelaea, Hyaena spelaew, Hippopotamus major, Eqmis, and rodents. 

 This is a mixed fauna, and since Acheulian implements are asso- 

 ciated with cold forms, and Mousterian first w^ith cold and later with 

 warm forms, it is evident that this horizon represents the low ter- 

 race of the Seine and a succeeding mild interval. 



The middle horizon contains Aurignacian implements associated 

 with the same fauna except Hippopotamus and Felis, and in addi- 

 tion contains the polar fox, ibex, chamois, and elk. The Solutrean 

 industry is imperfectly developed, and the upper horizon contains 

 chiefly Magdalenian implements associated with Cervus tarandus, 

 Equus cahallus, and Bison. The last two beds therefore indicate a 

 return of cold conditions, which must be the equivalent of the third 

 glacial of north Germany and the Wurmian of the Alps. 



