QUATEENAEY DEPOSITS OF BRITISH ISLES BROOKS. 365 



equivalents. The Daim stadium may find its equivalent in a later 

 set of end moraines. 



The third method of testing the correlation of the deposits is by 

 their relation to the loess. This deposit, believed to be aeolian, is not 

 all of the same age; in the same section two loess beds of different 

 ages may be separated by a weathered surface, but the "younger 

 loess " occupies a well-marked horizon. In north Germany it rests 

 upon the moraines of the third glaciation, but not upon those of tlie 

 Baltic readvance, so that it evidently falls in the period of that re- 

 advance or in the Baltic interstadial. It was discussed and placed 

 here by F. "Wahnschaffe (145) , who considered the Baltic interstadial 

 to correspond to the Wurm-Buhl interstadial of the Alps, and also 

 K. Olbricht (146). Outside the limits of the third glaciation of 

 north Germany the position of the younger loess is less certain, but 

 it contains Solutrean implements, which points to a similar and 

 slightly earlier age. 



In the valley of the Weser, there appear to be two terraces corre- 

 sponding to the third glaciation of Germany, separated by a peat 

 bed corresponding to the Baltic interstadial. This conclusion, based 

 on stratigraphical evidence, is supported by the fact that loess 

 occurs on the older but not on the younger terrace. 



In the Alps the loess is considered by Penck and Briickner (loc. 

 cit.) to be typicalh' an interglacial formation, belonging to the close 

 of interglacial conditions. Only in the Turin region are there ex- 

 tensive deposits of postglacial loess, in which, however, the char- 

 acteristic fauna is missing. In the north they nowhere found it to 

 rest on the Wurm moraines, but " the paleolithic implements which 

 it contains are so closely related to those of the end of Wurm, 

 that it can not possibly be much older than the latter." J. Hug 

 (147) further claims to have found loess on Wurm moraines near 

 Zurich, and near Basle, A. Gutz wilier (148) correlated the younger 

 loess with the first retreat stadium, so that it seems probable that the 

 younger loess falls in the interstadium Wurm-Buhl and in the Buhl 

 stadium. 



In the Ehine Valley there are younger and older loess deposits 

 resting immediately on the gravels of the low and middle terraces, 

 and immediately following those terraces in time. This confirms 

 the correlation of the low terrace with the maximum of the third 

 glaciation of Germany. In France also the loess ("limon" or 

 "ergeron") of the Paris Basin is of different ages, and the younger 

 rests on the low terrace system (latest gravels) and in part replaces 

 it, confirming the correlation of these gravels with the low terrace 

 of the Ehine, with the Wurm glaciation of the Alps and with the 

 third glaciation of north Germany. 



I have now summarized the stratigraphical evidence on which 

 a correlation of the European deposits with each other and with 



